Systems for green operations Platform Hungarian Aeronautical Research Workshop

1. Systems for green operations Platform Hungarian Aeronautical Research Workshop 27/28 November 2006 - Budapest

2. “Clean Sky” Integrated approach Engines Smart fixed-wing Aircraft Smart fixed-wing Regional Transport Smart Rotorcraft Demonstrators for engines from small to large aircraft and rotorcraft Smart Aircraft demonstrator Green regional demonstrator Green rotorcraft demonstrator Vehicle Platforms Eco-design Life-cycle demonstrator of representative Components Clean Sky technology evaluator Systems for green operations Transverse Platforms for all vehicles Systems for green operations Demonstrators for Energy management, Mission and trajectories management Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

3. Systems for green operations • Two main domains identified as main contributors to the achievement of the green challenges : • The Management of Aircraft Energy : • Encompasses all aspects of on-board energy provision, storage, distribution and consumption • The Management of Trajectory and Mission : • Encompasses all aspects of the vehicle control for more silent operation during the flight phases near and on the ground, and of mission management based on minimum environmental impact mission Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

4. Systems for green operations • Challenges for Management of Aircraft Energy • Development of all-electrical aircraft equipment system architectures including all energy sources, to facilitate the implementation of advanced energy management functions and architectures. Entails also the suppression of hydraulic fluids and related negative environmental impacts • Achievement of adapted control of heat exchanges and reduction in heat waste within the whole aircraft through advanced thermal management Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

5. Systems for green operations • Challenges for Management of Trajectory and Mission • Systems and procedures will be designed to perform high precision green trajectories optimised to minimise noise and emissions impact in airport areas. • New aircraft systems for smart ground operations will optimise use of engine power when aircraft are on ground such as providing reduced noise and emission taxiing capabilities. • Aircraft will be able to fly green mission from start to finish, with management of new climb, cruise and descent operations based on multi-criteria optimisation (noise, emission, fuel, time). Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

6. High level targets CO2 ~11% NOx ~11% Noise ~9 EPNdB Fuel consumption and emissions reduction External noise reduction Main contribution All-electrical aircraft equipment systems architecture Management of Aircraft Energy Main contribution Thermal management Main contribution Green trajectories Contribution Management of Trajectory and Mission Main contribution Smart ground operations Contribution Main contribution Green Mission Contribution Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

7. Management of Aircraft Energy All-electrical aircraft equipment system architectures • Technology and impact on on-board systems : • Power generation and storage technologies • Starters / generators, electromechanical power sources • Transport (distribution), conversion and storage • Commonality of power electronic conversion • Modular redundant components (weight & volume reduction) • Electrical energy management architecture • Dynamic load management, reconfiguration of the network • Electrical users • Examples : Electro-mechanical actuation, electrical ice protection Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

8. Management of Aircraft Energy All-electrical aircraft equipment system architectures (cont’d) • Impact on on-board systems (examples) : • Flight controls • Landing gear systems • Ice and Rain Protection • Cabin and aircraft pressurisation • Aircraft fuel distribution • Primary Power Generation and Distribution • Auxiliary and Emergency power provision • Engine support Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

9. Management of Aircraft Energy Thermal management • Technology and impact on on-board systems : • Cooling power generation and distribution • Overall thermal management solutions of aircraft / engine systems • Optimisation of electrical drive system cooling • Energy recovery / energy exchange systems to reduce heat wastage Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

10. Management of Trajectory and Mission Green trajectories • Technology : • Capabilities for precise, reliable and predictable flight path • high precision localisation technologies such as GNSS hybridisation, • high accuracy databases for navigation, protected area, meteo • New flight trajectories (enhanced “continuous” descent approaches, continuous climb cruise, improved take-off, Curved approach) • Management of robust performance in presence of any atmospheric perturbation, including technologies for surveillance of hazard • Coupling between Flight Management and Surveillance Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

11. Management of Trajectory and Mission Green trajectories (cont’d) • Impact on on-board systems : • Localisation, Flight Guidance, Flight Management • Database (navigation, protected area, meteo) • Surveillance (atmospheric hazard detection) • Data link • Situation awareness (Cockpit Display) Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

12. Management of Trajectory and Mission Smart ground operations • Technology and impact on on-board systems : • Electrically driven wheels, using the landing gear and braking systems for aircraft motion on ground • New electrical generation on APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) combined with this, to lead to overall fuel and noise reduction • Coupling with airport navigation function and aircraft operational issues, including engine management Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

13. Management of Trajectory and Mission Green mission • Technology : • Database with aircraft and engine performance modelling with environmental data • Real time characterisation and surveillance of the environment (atmosphere, weather conditions) • Multi-criteria flight management optimisation, including conventional and environmental constraints, such as atmosphere quality, weather conditions • Capability to build complete flight profiles optimised for multi-criteria including environmental impact, combining selected climb, cruise and descent trajectories Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

14. Management of Trajectory and Mission Green mission (cont’d) • Impact on on-board systems : • Flight Management • Database • Situation awareness (Cockpit Display) Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

15. Deliverables Innovation technology demonstrators at a system level • Bring the integration of technologies to a readiness level enabling future aircraft programmes • A Large Scale Demonstration Strategy that involves all the supply-chain in common practices • Exploit of existing rigs and demonstrators and combine ground and flight testing • Meet the needs of each aircraft segment Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

16. Demonstration • Flight test : • Full demonstration of environmentally friendly trajectories and airborne procedures • Full scale test of Energy Management technologies, functions and architectures (when relevant) • Aircraft on ground : • Smart ground operations • Ground : • Cockpit simulation of Green Flight Management capabilities • Ground benches for integration of Energy Management technologies and architectures Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

17. Schematic demonstration hierarchy 4: Aircraft level Aircraft 3: Function level Multi - systems Airframers Test rigs Functions Simulator 2: System level in System integration rigs Desktop Functions embedded simulator systems Suppliers 1: Equipment level Supplier test rigs Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

18. Systems demonstration cycles • Studies and demonstrations may follow two cycles : • First cycle for ground or flight demonstration of technologies, systems and sub-architectures which have shown sufficient maturity in previous European and national projects. This cycle will take place during the first years of the JTI. • Second cycle (likely the biggest one) for demonstration of those which will be investigated during the course of Clean Sky. Corresponding demonstrations will be taken to flight test in the latter years of the JTI. Clean Sky - Systems for green operations

19. Phasing and cycles Clean Sky - Systems for green operations