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Halogens

Halogens. Colton Pyne , Kailah Holmes, Megan Ford, Toivo Ntaka. History and Discovery. Bromine is derived from the Greek word “ Bromos ” which means stench. It was first discovered in 1826 by Antoine Jerome Balard . He isolated it from salt water.

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Halogens

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  1. Halogens Colton Pyne, Kailah Holmes, Megan Ford, ToivoNtaka

  2. History and Discovery • Bromine is derived from the Greek word “Bromos” which means stench. It was first discovered in 1826 by Antoine Jerome Balard. He isolated it from salt water. • Iodine is derived from the Greek word “Iodes” which means violet. It was discovered in 1811 by Bernard Cortis in France. He discovered it by accident by adding too much sulfuric acid to a water and seaweed mixture.

  3. History and Discovery • Astatine is derived from “Astatos” the Greek word for unstable. This element was made by constantly hitting bismuth with alpha particles. It was discovered in 1940 by D.R. Corson, Emilio Segre, and K.R. Mackenzie. • Fluorine is derived from the Latin word “Fleure” which means to flow. After trying to isolate the element for many years Ferdinand Fredric. Henri Moissan successfully isolated it in 1866.

  4. History and Discovery • Chlorine is derived from the Greek word “Khloros” which means pale green. It was first discovered by C.W. Sheele in 1774.

  5. Common Reactions Halogens can be made by reacting a solution of the halide ion with any substance that is a stronger oxidizing agent. Iodine, for example, can be made by reacting the iodine ion with either bromine or chlorine. 2I – (aq) + Br2 (aq) + 2 Br – (aq) Bromine was first prepared by A.J. Balard in 1826 by reacting ions with a solution of CI2 dissolved in water. 2 Br- (aq) + CI2 (aq) Br2(aq) + CI- (aq)

  6. Common Reactions To prepare CI2 we need a particularly strong oxidizing agent, such as manganese dioxide (MnO2) 2CI-(aq) + MhO2 (aq) + 4H + (aq) (I2(aq) + Mn2 + (aq) + 2 H20(/)

  7. Common and Everyday Uses • Flourine Uses: Rocket fuel and is used in flourine compounds (toothpaste to prevent tooth decay). Used in chlorofluorocarbons (for cooling and refrigeration) • Chlorine Uses: Purifier and disinfectant, specifically to purify water and is found in many household cleaning products.

  8. Common and Everyday Uses • Bromine: Used in fumigants, flameproofing agents, dyes, medicines and pesticides. • Iodine Uses: Used in topical microbicide, added to halogen lamps, nessecary for proper function of thynoid gland. Also used as disinfectant in water treatment. • Astatine Uses: Radioactive.

  9. Physical Properties • Chlorine gas is yellowish-green, Liquid Bromine and vapors are brownish-red, solid Iodine appears as shiny, dark grey crystals.

  10. Physical Properties Halogens have relatively low melting and boiling points. They are never room temperature. Fluorine gas is pale yellow, Strong, unpleasant odors that burn the flesh are a result from Halogens. They are very reactive, therefore they are never found in their natural form in nature. Solids are brittle and crumbly.

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