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Verb Tenses: Simple Present, Past, Future Tense Verbs

Verbs are the engines that power sentences. Without a verb, a sentence goes nowhere. Verbs show action or express a state of being. A present tense verb tells what is happening right now or what happens regularly. A past tense verb tells what happened in the past.

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Verb Tenses: Simple Present, Past, Future Tense Verbs

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  1. Verbs are the engines that power sentences. Without a verb, a sentence goes nowhere. Verbs show action or express a state of being. A present tense verb tells what is happening right now or what happens regularly. A past tense verb tells what happened in the past. A future tense verb tells what will happen. To form the future tense, add the verb will to the present tense of the verb. Verb Tenses: Simple Present, Past, Future Tense Verbs

  2. Verbs have different tenses. Time makes the difference. Verbs change form depending on when the action takes place—the present, the past, the future, or somewhere in between. Here are the three main tenses: (Present Tense) (Past Tense) (Future Tense)Today Yesterday Tomorrow I laugh. I laughed. I will laugh.

  3. With helping verbs, you can create three other tenses for an event that takes place before or after another event. The “perfect” tenses always take helping verbs. Form the present perfect with “have” or “has.” Form the past perfect with “had.” Think of the past perfect as the “deep past.” Form the future perfect with “will have” or “shall have.” (Present Perfect Tense) (Past Perfect Tense) (Future Perfect Tense) Today Yesterday Tomorrow I have laughed. I had laughed. I will have laughed. Joey has located the exact location of the canyon. (present perfect) Zoe will have called by the time she reaches Chicago. (future perfect) (present) He had eaten a chili dog before he kissed her. (past perfect) (past)

  4. Present Tense The present tense shows action taking place today— “now.” Verbs in the present tense change form depending on who is doing the action. Most verbs are regular—they follow a regular pattern. The verbs “walk” and “search” are regular.

  5. Present Tense TIP: To form the third-person singular of regular verbs, add sor es in the present tense. He winks. She smiles. Love blossoms. Correct: She moves like a cheetah. He moves like a tortoise. Incorrect: She move like a cheetah. He move like a tortoise. Why? With regular verbs, such as “move,” add s or es to the base form in the third-person singular.

  6. Irregular Verbs Some verbs are irregular. Here is the present tense of the irregular verb “be”: Verb tenses links.doc

  7. Participles A participle is a verb form. Participles of regular verbs end with ing for the present tense and d or ed for the past tense. boil scatter dazzle stop dash boiling scattering dazzling stopping dashing boiled scattered dazzled stopped dashed

  8. Past Tense and Past Perfect Tense The past tense shows action that has already taken place. With regular verbs, form the past tense and the past participle by adding d or ed to the present (base) form. Use the helping verb “had” with the participle to form the past perfect. “Had” shows action that was completed before another action took place. Past: Logan passed the ball to Jacob. Past Perfect: MaKayla had framed her sports awards.

  9. Past Tense and Past Perfect Tense

  10. Past Tense and Past Perfect Tense

  11. Irregular Verbs Irregular verbs have different forms for the past and the past participle. They don’t follow the pattern of regular verbs that form the past participle by just adding d or ed. I go to karate today. (present) I went to karate yesterday. (past) I had gone to karate until last January. (past perfect)

  12. Irregular Verbs Trent had swum faster than the competition. (helping verb with past participle) Trent had swam faster than the competition. (helping verb with past verb form) Why? The past participle “swum” teams with the helping verb “had”– “had swum.” “Swam” is the past form. It stands alone: Trent swam faster than the competition.

  13. Future Tense The future tense shows action that will take place in the future. Use “will” or “shall” and the present (base) form of the verb for the future tense. Use “will have” or “shall have” and the participle for the future perfect. Future:Koriwill learn a second language. Future Perfect:By Friday, Dom will have finished his book.

  14. Works Cited Fine, Edith and Judith Josephson. Nitty-Gritty Grammar: A Not-So-Serious Guide to Clear Communication. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press, 1998. Print. Fogarty, Mignon. Grammar Girl Presents the Ultimate Writing Guide For Students. New York, New York: Henry Holt and Company, LLC, 2011. Print. Hamilton, Fran Santoro. Hands-On English. St. Louis, MO: Portico Books, 1998. Print.

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