Animal Kingdom Phyla: Diversity and Characteristics

1. Animal Kingdom How do animal populations differ?

2. Kingdom Animalia • Within the Animal Kingdom there are approximately 35 sub-divisions called “Phyla”; each phylum sub-division shares particular structural and functional properties which together separate it from other phyla. • There are 9 main phyla in the Animal kingdom:

3. Kingdom Animalia • Porifera – These are the salt-water sponges; there are approximately 8,000 separate species existing today.

4. Kingdom Animalia • Porifera – These are the salt-water sponges; there are approximately 8,000 separate species existing today. • Cnidaria- This group is composed of jellyfish, and other lower aquatic animals; approx 15,000 species exist today

5. Kingdom Animalia • Porifera – These are the salt-water sponges; there are approximately 8,000 separate species existing today. • Cnidaria- This group is composed of jellyfish, and other lower aquatic animals; approx 15,000 species exist today • Platyhelminthes – These are the flatworms which inhabit both marine and freshwater habitats; over 15,000 species exist today.

6. Kingdom Animalia • Porifera – These are the salt-water sponges; there are approximately 8,000 separate species existing today. • Cnidaria- This group is composed of jellyfish, and other lower aquatic animals; approx 15,000 species exist today • Platyhelminthes – These are the flatworms which inhabit both marine and freshwater habitats; over 15,000 species exist today. • Nematodes – This phylum consists mainly of about 80,000 known parasitic worms.

7. Mollusca– This major group consists of snails, clams, squid, and octopus; there are over 110,000 known species.

8. Mollusca– This major group consists of snails, clams, squid, and octopus; there are over 110,000 known species. • Annelida – About 15,000 individual segmented worms comprise this phylum; the common earthworm is an example. • .

9. Mollusca– This major group consists of snails, clams, squid, and octopus; there are over 110,000 known species. • Annelida – About 15,000 individual segmented worms comprise this phylum; the common earthworm is an example. • Arthropoda– This very large group consists of insects; it is estimated that there are over 1 million species of insects existing today.

10. Echinodermata – These are the marine starfish; about 6,000 species exist today.

11. Echinodermata – These are the marine starfish; about 6,000 species exist today. • Chordata – This is a group of animals which are classified on the basis of possessing 3 common embryological features – dorsal nerve cord, supportive structure called the notocord, and pharyngeal gill pouches. Within this phylum is a highly-advanced group called the `vertebrates' which include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals; it is this phylum to which the human organism belongs.

13. Phylum Porifera - Sponges • Structure • Bodies of sponges are supported by a network of spikes. • Has pores

14. Phylum Porifera - Sponges • Reproduction • Asexually by budding • Sexually • Sponges do not have separate sexes but a single sponge produces eggs at one time of the year and sperm at a different time.

15. Phylum Porifera - Sponges • Getting Food and Oxygen from Water • Feed by straining food particles from water • Oxygen from the water moves into the sponges cells • Move reproductive cells