Do Now: Based on the graph answer the following questions:

1. Do Now: Based on the graph answer the following questions: 1.) Which side do you think had the greatest advantage at the start of the Civil War? Explain why? 2.) What difference do you think will have the greatest impact?

2. DO NOW: • Please answer the following questions in complete sentences, based on the political cartoon on the left. Write answers in your notebook. • How does the cartoonist portray Lincoln? • What does “Union Glue” represent? Caption “A Job for the New Cabinet Maker.

3. DO NOW: Please look at the following table and answer the two multiple choice questions • 1. Which of the following headings fits the column on the left? • Northern Weaknesses • Southern Weaknesses • Northern Strengths • Southern Strengths • 2. Which of the following completes the column on the right of the chart? • Had more than two thirds of the nation’s railroads • Had many warships that could protect ports • Had woods to use for cover against invading forces • Had many factory workers to produce supplied for its army

4. The North Indiana Michigan Ohio Pennsylvania New Jersey New York Vermont New Hampshire Connecticut California Oregon Kansas Iowa Minnesota Wisconsin Illinois Massachusetts Rhode Island Maine

5. The SouthThe Confederate States of America (President Jefferson Davis) • South Carolina was the first state to secede • Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas followed in secession. • Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas also joined the Confederacy.

6. What about the others??? • Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware were known as the border states because they remained loyal to the Union but supported slavery.

7. The United States in 1861

8. COMPARING THE NORTH & SOUTH

9. MEN PRESENT FOR ACTIVE DUTY

10. THE NORTH Larger population More industry More rail lines Stronger navy and private trading ships THE SOUTH Fighting on familiar land Defending their homeland Better military skills (use of guns and horses) Better officers War Resources

11. UNION AIMS • Blockade the southern ports to prevent the Confederacy from receiving goods from Europe. • Gain control of the Mississippi River to limit Confederate movement. • Capture the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. THE ANACONDA PLAN

12. The “Anaconda” Plan

13. CONFEDERACY AIMS • Stay at home and fight a defensive war.

14. HOW DID THE SOUTH DEVELOP THIS PLAN? The Confederates believed that the North would tire quickly and Lincoln would become unpopular, forcing the North to withdraw from the war.

15. Battle of Bull Run (Manassas Junction)July, 1861 “Picnic Battle” Flocks of fashionably dressed Washingtonians rode out to the battlefield with picnic baskets and bottles of champagne to view the action

16. The Leaders General Irwin McDowell General P.G.T. Beauregard Union General Confederate General

17. Battle of First Bull Run • WHEN: July 21, 1861 • WHERE: Bull Run {Manassas Junction} Virginia • WHO: Beauregard (S) vs. McDowell (N) • WINNER: South (Confederacy) • WHY: Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

18. GODS AND GENERALS Discussion Questions: 1.) What was Jackson’s nickname? How did he get this name? 2.) What does Jackson mean when he says to “yell like furies?” 3.) What did the two sides learn from this battle?

19. Thomas Jackson • Nickname given to him by Gen. Barnard Bee As the rest of the Confederate army skedaddled, “Jackson and his brigade stood firm like a stone wall.” “STONEWALL” JACKSON”

20. RESULTS • Battle was seen as a CONFEDERATE VICTORY • Showed to both sides that their soldiers needed more • training and that the war was going to be much longer and • bloodier than either side expected

21. The Battle of the Ironclads,March, 1862 The Monitor vs.the Merrimac

22. Clash of the Ironclads • Ironclads -> ships heavily armored with iron. • Confederates turned captured Union steamship (Merrimack) into an ironclad {Virginia}. • Innovation described as “a huge half-submerged crocodile” • Union Ironclad = Monitor (revolving gun tower) • Small but had powerful guns and thick plating. • The Monitor was described as “a tin can on a shingle”

23. The Battle The Virginia vs. The Monitor • WHEN: March 1862 • WHERE: Hampton Roads, Virginia • WHO: Virginia (S) vs. Monitor (N) • SUMMARY: After several hours of fighting, neither ship had serious damage. The Monitor forced the Virginia to withdraw. • IMPORTANCE: This success saved the Union fleet and continued the blockade. • The clash of the Ironclads signaled a revolution in naval warfare.

24. Ironclad Interior

25. A Revolutionary New Style of Ship

26. War in the East: 1861-1862

27. Battle of Antietam“Bloodiest Single Day of the War”

28. Antietam • WHEN -> 9/17/1862 • WHERE-> Maryland (Sharpsburg/Antietam Creek) • WHO -> Lee (S) vs. McClellan (N) • WHY -> Lee believe that a Confederate victory on Union soil would win them European support. • OUTCOME -> Draw (result prompted Lincoln to act against slavery) • The Battle of Sharpsburg was the bloodiest single-day battle of the Civil War –and of U.S. history.