FLAR project S.L. Yakovenko JINR, Dubna,Russia

1. FLAR project S.L. Yakovenko JINR, Dubna,Russia

2. Contents • FlAIR project • AD facility at CERN • Antyhydrogen and Positronium in-flight at FLAIR • LEPTA facility • Experimental program

3. 1.FlAIR project

4. 1.FLAIR project(Contnd) FLAIR - Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research L

5. 1.FLAIR project(Contnd) LSR- CRYRING

6. 2.AD facility at CERN Antiproton Decelerator (AD) typically supplies experiments with 25-30 million antiprotons with an energy of about 5 MeV in shots lasting approximately 200 ns every 100 s

7. 2.AD facility at CERN The Antiproton Catching Trap 

8. 2.AD facility at CERN (ATHENA – ALFA experiment ) The positron accumulator

9. 2.AD facility at CERN The ATHENA Mixing Trap

10. 2.AD facility at CERN The ATHENA Detector

11. 2.AD facility at CERN The ALPHA apparatus

12. 3. Antyhydrogen and Positronium in-flight at FLAIR

13. 3. Antyhydrogen and Positronium in-flight at FLAIR(Contnd) o-Ps PCSR

14. 3. Antyhydrogen and Positronium in-flight at FLAIR(Contnd) General Parameters of the PCSR

15. 4. LEPTA Facility kicker collector septum cooling section 106100sec=108 e+ e-gun positron trap Helical quadrupole O-Ps 22Na 10E6e+ per sec Ps detector 10E4Ps per sec

16. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Project Parameters of The LEPTA

17. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Helical quadrupole on 1.0 μs/div First beam circulation 10 September, 2004 Helical quadrupole off 0.5 μs/div Signals from vertical PU electrodes

18. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Electron gun Tracing the ring with pencil beam (September - October 2007) October 5, 2007

19. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) LEPTA entrance 8 5 4 6 1 2 7 4 3 11 9 10 9 The Positron Injector 1-positron source22Na,2-radioactive protection shield, 3-vacuum valve, 4-vacuum chamber for pumping out and diagnostic tools, 5-positron trap, 6 – vacuum isolator, 7 – positron vacuum channel, 8 – vacuum “shutter” (fast valve), 9 - ion pump, 10-turbopump, 11 –LHe vessel

20. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Design parameters of the positron injector

21. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) e+ e+ e+ 0.8 MBq 22Na The Cryogenic Moderator of Positrons Ne T ~ 5 K Ne

22. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) The Cryogenic Positron Source

23. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Slow Positron Yield vs Frozen Neon Thickness 130мкм Slow Positron Spectrum vs Frozen Neon Thickness 90мкм 16000 12000 8000 4000 0 50м км 30мкм 2000 1600 1200 800 400 0 Ncounts/sec dN/dE 0 30 60 90 120 150 d, mcm 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Epos, eV Slow Positron Flux Formation 06.12.05 – First slow positron has been registered. April 2006 - moderator parameters optimization The positron spectrum at the e+ flux of 5.3*103 positrons per sec of the average energy of 1.2 eV at the width of 1 eV was obtained. The moderator efficiency is 1 %.

24. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Area 3 Area 1 Area 2 eU z Pressure, Torr 10-6 10-3 10-4 N2 N2 е+ I II III IV V VI VII “Surko Trap”

25. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Electron storage studies 50.3 eV VII VIII IV VI V III I II -100  0 -29.3 -36.1 -40.2 -46.7 0 -50.3 V -52.7 V -30 -60 -90 e-

26. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Rotating Electric Field Method Phase filter Generator 900 00 (а) 1800 2700 B (b) -U(x) (c) One electrode is placed under combined alternative + permanent potentials (Fig.a, b, c).

27. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Stored electron number vs time Pressure distribution and potential are optimized Aligniment of the axie of longitudinal magnetic and electric fields has been made Same + rotating field is ON and optimized Rotating Electric Field Method (Contnd) April , 2007 life = 80s, (Ne)max = 2108 Optimal frotating = 650 kHz, Amplitude = 1 V, ε= 0.4, life = 25 s

28. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Experiments with Positrons and Positronium in flight at LEPTA 1.“Atomic” physics: e+e- recombination with positronium formation 2. QED test in measurement of para-Positronium (p-Ps) life time 3. Test of CPT theorem, CP and P conservation: 3.1. Rare and forbidden decay channels of o-Ps 3.2. Rare and forbidden decay channels of p-Ps 3.3. Search for circularly polarized photons in p-Ps =>  3.4. Measurement of the electron and positron charge difference upper limit 4. QED test in Ps spectroscopy 4.1. Hyperfine structure of Ps ground state 4.2. Spectroscopy of excited states, Lamb shift 5. Search for the Axion 6. o-Ps life time and the hypothesis of “The Mirror Universe" 7. Antihydrogen generation in-flight 8. o-Ps in solid state physics 9. Condensed matter physics research at the LEPTA positron injector 10. Particle beam physics and accelerator technology 5. Search for the Axion 6. o-Ps life time and the hypothesis of “The Mirror Universe" 7. Antihydrogen generation in-flight

29. 4. LEPTA Facility (Contnd) Year 2009 New positron source activity of 25 mCi for LEPTA facility is under testing The positron spectrum at the e+ flux of 1.5*105positrons per sec of the average energy of 3 eV was obtained in the first experiments

30. 5.Experiment Research Program • Precision spectroscopy of antiprotonic atoms and antihydrogen for tests offundamental interactions and symmetries (especially CPT) • Interaction of Antimatter with Matter • Nuclear and Particle Physics with Antiprotons

31. 6. Conclusion Thank you for your attention! - The FLAIR facility will drastically improve the conditions for the low energy antiproton research. First of all the beam intensity will be increased by about two orders of magnitude and the lower energy available allows a much more efficient use of the antiprotons compared to the AD operation. - In-flight generation of antihydrogen might give rise to a number of very interesting experiments with relatively large number of antihydrogen particles. In particular the investigation of matter - antimatter reactions would become directly accessible in an interesting energy regime without the need of prior trapping of the particles.