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Regional Agricultural Biotechnology Network Expert Consultation Meeting 15-16 December

Agricultural Biotechnology Research In Morocco. Regional Agricultural Biotechnology Network Expert Consultation Meeting 15-16 December Cairo-Egypte Driss IRAQI, Imane THAMI-ALAMI, Fouad ABBAD-ANDALOUSSI and Sripada M. UDUPA Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique

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Regional Agricultural Biotechnology Network Expert Consultation Meeting 15-16 December

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  1. Agricultural Biotechnology Research In Morocco Regional Agricultural Biotechnology Network Expert Consultation Meeting 15-16 December Cairo-Egypte Driss IRAQI, Imane THAMI-ALAMI, Fouad ABBAD-ANDALOUSSI and Sripada M. UDUPA Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), B.P. 415, Rabat, Morocco.

  2. Biodiversity Structure ofMorocco Continental aquaticfauna 5% Marine fauna 22% Marine flora 2% Terrestrial species 71% Morocco is one of the country with the richest flora and fauna in the western Mediterranean.

  3. Importance of Agriculture in Morocco MOROCCO • The country’s area is • 71 million ha 13% • cultivated land (9 million ha • of which 1.4 Millions ha • irrigated) and 30 % • Rangelands • (21 Millions ha.) • Agriculture sector provides • an employment to 50% • of the active population • and contributes 13 - 17 % • of the GDP 71 million ha.

  4. Importance of Agriculture in Morocco • Contribute to 20% of exports • Cover national demand of • 70% for cereals • 52% for sugar • 20% for oils • 100% for the fruit and vegetables • 87% for milk • 98% for the meats

  5. Major constraints ofMoroccan agriculture • Drought • Salinity • Diseases and pests • Shortage of arable lands due to erosion and desertification

  6. WhyBiotechnology? National priority for Development of Science and Technology • Improve Food production (Quantity & Quality) • to meet the National demand due to the increasing population • To manage the problems of biotic and abiotic stresses • Assist the breeding programs, • Characterize and add value to the local biodiversity

  7. Biotechnology tools used in Morocco • Plant Tissue Culture • DNA Molecular Markers • Gene Clonning and Characterization • Plant Tranformation

  8. Institutions using biotechnology in Morocco • National Institute for Agronomic Research: INRA • Hassan II Institute of Agronomy & Veterinary medicine: IAV • National College of Agriculture of Meknès: ENA • Water and Forest Administration: CNRF • Faculties of Sciences and Technology: FST • Private companies producing at a large scale banana, date palm, strawberry and potato in-vitro planting materials.

  9. Biotechnology in public research institutions in Morocco

  10. Biotechnology in public research institutions in Morocco

  11. Biotechnology in public research institutions in Morocco

  12. Biotechnology in public research institutions in Morocco

  13. Research Networks on Biotechnology • RENABIO:National Biotechnology Network, which groups 3 higher education institutions and 5 government research and inspection agencies • Activities include: plant and animal health and food industry • MiSoBioP:Biotechnology and Soil Microbiology, which groups 11 higher education institutions, the National Center for Nuclear Energy and one tissue culture private laboratory. • Activities include soil microbiology, plant (date palm, olive and tomato) and microbial biotechnology, and related environment issues

  14. Research Networks on Biotechnology • Biotechnology Network of INRA:This network was set up in 2006: • Establish linkages at international and national levels with INRA biotech researchers • Four themes namely drought tolerance in wheat, crop protection with special reference to cereals, in vitro culture and genetic transformation and molecular applications

  15. Plant TissueCulture

  16. Somatic embryogenesis In vitro selection of salt tolerance Cereals • Double haploïds Bread wheat 3 varieties registered Triticals 3 varieties registered

  17. Performance of a in vitro derived Date palm in a farmer’s field A sample of dates produced by Najda clone (INRA-3014) Date Palm • Preservation of genotypes from extinction • Production of free Bayoud disease plantlets • Large scale production of date palm plantlets • National capacity of in vitro plant production 70,000 to 100,000/year

  18. Citrus and grapevine • Development of new seedless mandarin cultivars by in vitro culture • Meristem culture to produce virus free grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)

  19. Molecular markers and gene characterization

  20. Molecular Marker Techniques • Molecular marker work was started with use of RAPD markers • Now, most laboratories are using RFLPs, AFLPs and Microsatellite markers • INRA Center in Kenitra is using one of the SNP (Single nucleotide Polymorphism) detection technique

  21. Cereals • Combined field and molecular marker • selection in wheat for resistance to: • Hessian fly • Leaf rust • Septoria • Molecular characterization of national genetic resources • Cereals • Sugar beet • Alfa alfa • Molecular diseases characterization • Septoria • Net blotch • Orobanche • Abiotic stress: Genes characterization, mapping and QTLs analysis

  22. Date Palm and Citrus Molecular diversity of some citrus varieties Fruits diversity • Characterization of Bayoud Disease Pathogen using different molecular marker techniques • Characterization of yeast from citrus • Genetic diversity estimation in Citrus

  23. GENETIC TRANSFORMATION

  24. Wheat genetic transformation for Drought tolerance • A modified regeneration media was developed for efficient somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of Moroccan varieties • Efficient genetic transformation methods were developed for Moroccan varieties • Genes implicated in drought tolerance are introduced into Moroccan varieties

  25. Faba Bean genetic transformationfor bromrape resistance • Optimisation of an effecient system for plant regeneration • Establishement and optimisation of an effecient method of genetic transformation

  26. National Biosafety Committee (NBC) • Morocco has established the National Biosecurity Committee (NBC) through a "circular" N° 5/2005 dated April 12, 2005. • The Committee is chaired by the Prime Minister; • The focal point of the committee is assured by the department of Agriculture; • Members are from departments of agriculture, health, environment, forestry, higher education and scientific research, trade and industry, fisheries, interior, foreign affairs, justice, Islamic affairs and finance + Private sector and NGOs.

  27. National Biosafety Committee (NBC) The Committee's mandate is to provide the Government with advises and recommendations, particularly: • Express views on biotechnology and biosafety matters; • Make positions regarding these matters; • Express opinion on legislation and regulation concerning biotechnology and biosafety; • Contribute to the elaboration of national strategy on biotechnology and biosafety, • Suggest programs on communication, training, outreach, research and cooperation.

  28. Partnership and collaboration • ICARDA • USDA • IAEA • GTZ • IPGRI • ENSAM • AFSED • ICGEB • ASTF • EU • AGROPOLIS-Montpellier France (INRA, CNRS CIRAD-FLHOR, IRD) • Faculté de Médecine Marseille France • Université de Sassari Italie • Universités Belgique • Université Portugal • Faculté de Médecine Marseille France

  29. Thank you for your attention

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