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Archaebacteria Eubacteria

Archaebacteria Eubacteria. Archaebacteria. Major Characteristics Generally only live in very harsh environments, such as those w/o O 2 —also known as extremophiles because they can survive pressures over 200 atm Microscopic: diameters between 0.0002-0.0004 inches

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Archaebacteria Eubacteria

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  1. ArchaebacteriaEubacteria

  2. Archaebacteria • Major Characteristics • Generally only live in very harsh environments, such as those w/o O2—also known as extremophiles because they can survive pressures over 200 atm • Microscopic: diameters between 0.0002-0.0004 inches • Cell Type: prokaryotes (DNA not enclosed in nuclei) • Cell Structure: similar to bacteria but different chemical composition in cell wall & cell membrane, few internal organelles • Body Plan: unicellular

  3. Archaebacteria • Metabolism: autotroph or heterotroph • Reproduction: asexual (binary fission) • 4 major Phyla: • Crenarchaeotes: live in hottest, most acidic environments • Kararchaeotes: newly discovered in Yellowstone, may be least-evolved lineages of modern life • Nanoarchaeotes: one species exists, relatively unknown, smallest genome of any organism • Euryarchaeotes: very diverse group

  4. Archaebacteria Some live in environments that are so harsh pressures reach 1 ton/cm2

  5. Eubacteria • Major Characteristics • Differ from archaebacteria by chemical composition • Are vital in recycling nutrients • Grow in all environments, from guts of animals to soil and radioactive waste • Cell Type: prokaryotes • Cell Structure: variety of cell shapes: sperical, rodlike, spiral; few if any internal organelles, some have external flagella • Body Plan: unicellular

  6. Eubacteria • Metabolism: autotroph or heterotroph • Reproduction: asexual (binary fission) • 4 major Phyla: • Proteobacteria: includes E. coli and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in soil • Spirochaetes: distinctive spiral shape; some cause syphilis and Lyme disease • Actinobacteria: many soil bacteria belong here; some produce antiobiotics (streptomycin), some produce harmful illnesses: anthrax, tetanus, botulism; one produces a powerful insecticide used for genetic engineering in plants • Cyanobacteria: photosynthetic; among oldest organisms on Earth; are key sources of C and N in the environment

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