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Fuel Quality

Fuel Quality. Richard Nelson National Biodiesel Board. ASTM D 6751 – Biodiesel Fuel Specification. Fuel quality is of the utmost concern and importance to the biodiesel industry. ASTM specifications set the “gold standard” for materials, fuels, safety, new product testing, etc.

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Fuel Quality

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  1. Fuel Quality Richard Nelson National Biodiesel Board

  2. ASTM D 6751– Biodiesel Fuel Specification • Fuel quality is of the utmost concern and importance to the biodiesel industry. • ASTM specifications set the “gold standard” for materials, fuels, safety, new product testing, etc. • ASTM D 6751 is the specification for biodiesel fuels irrespective of the feedstock source and/or processing method. • Standard ensures that biodiesel has the fuel properties for safe operationin a compression ignition engine and ensures that poor processing has not contaminated the fuel with other products that would create engine damage.

  3. FUEL QUALITY • Fuel quality is of the utmost concern and importance to the biodiesel industry. • ASTM D 6751 is the specification for biodiesel fuels irrespective of the feedstock source and/or processing method. • National Quality Program (BQ-9000) Launched for Biodiesel Marketers and Producers • Look for BQ-9000 Certified Marketers: Biodiesel’s ‘Good Housekeeping’ Seal of Approval • Assures “cradle-to-grave” fuel quality “cradle” “grave”

  4. Critical Quality Parameters – Biodiesel Production • Complete Reaction • Removal of Glycerin • Removal of Catalyst • Removal of Alcohol • Absence of free fatty acids

  5. B100 meeting D 6751 Critical • If B100 meets D 6751, then most blends of B20 or lower will meet D 975 parameters • OEM’s are becoming increasingly comfortable with B20 • Almost all problems in the field are from B100 that didn’t meet D 6751 • Minnesota problems were from out of spec fuel • Its impossible to tell if B100 met spec once it is in blended form, so testing must occur at B100 level • NBB has active program to encourage enforcement of B100 compliance with D 6751

  6. The Downstream Distributor Should: • Only accept ASTM D 6751 biodiesel – check for COA. • Buy from a BQ 9000 Certified Producer or Marketer. • Understand fuel handling characteristics of both distillate and biodiesel fuel. • Become knowledgeable about biodiesel benefits and prepare to convey them to the consumer.

  7. Biodiesel cleaning effect • B20 has a cleaning effect on tanks and fuel systems when first used. • Fuel filters may need to be changed when switching to B20 for the first time. This happens about 2% of the time. After the system is clean, filter changes go back to normal • B2 has not exhibited this cleaning effect • The cleaning effect is more dramatic as the blend level goes up

  8. Protecting Your Fuel • Review fuel analysis reports • If fuels fail to meet the specification, notify your fuel supplier immediately • Retain samples for analysis • Have an independent testing laboratory on your team

  9. Going over B20 requires caution • Cold flow • Materials compatibility • Cleaning effect • Fuel Stability a bigger concern • Lower BTU content becomes noticeable • Engine oil may become diluted with fuel • Not supported by OEM’s http://www.biodiesel.org/pdf_files/Biodiesel_Blends_Above%20_20_Final.pdf

  10. B100 Quality versus Current Specifications • 16 of 32 B100 samples fail the specifications – 50% failure rate • The failure rate increases if B99 samples are included (21 out of 38 fail) • 1% diesel fuel may cause flashpoint below 130ºC • Typically failing for total glycerin or flash point • 6 failed multiple properties and 2 samples failed 3 properties *B99 samples not tested by D6584

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