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Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution. Major Inventions of the 18-19 th centuries. Spinning Jenny. Spinning Jenny. Invented by: James Hargreaves Description: Allowed more thread to be produced by spinners Impact: Spinning process FASTER. Water-powered loom. Water-powered loom.

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Industrial Revolution

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  1. Industrial Revolution Major Inventions of the 18-19th centuries

  2. Spinning Jenny

  3. Spinning Jenny Invented by: James Hargreaves Description: Allowed more thread to be produced by spinners Impact: Spinning process FASTER

  4. Water-powered loom

  5. Water-powered loom Developed by: Edmund Cartwright Impact: Weavers could keep pace with the surplus of yarn produced by new spinning machines

  6. Steam engine

  7. Steam engine Improved by: James Watt Description: Made changes that enabled engine to drive factory machinery Impact: Railroad industry booms; Factories can be built AWAY from WATER

  8. Railroad

  9. Railroad Description: A steam locomotive that ran on rails Impact: Helped lay foundations for larger markets (Transportation) and opened up new forms of investment

  10. Paddle-wheel Steamboat

  11. Paddle-wheel Steamboat Built by: Robert Fulton Impact: Transportation along canals, rivers, and lakes made easier

  12. Industrial Societies What makes an industrial society? Do the benefits of industrialization justify the costs?

  13. The SecondIndustrial Revolution 1870-1914

  14. New Industrial Frontiers • Steel, Chemicals, Electricity • 1870-1914: Steel replaced iron • Steel: Lighter, smaller, faster machines, engines, railroads, etc. • Electricity: Convertible into heat, light, motion • New transportation: ocean liners, airplanes, automobiles

  15. Karl Marx: “World history… is the history of class struggles.”

  16. Marx’s Theory • Industrialized societies split into two great classes • Oppressors vs. Oppressed • Struggle leads to violent revolution • Dictatorship: gov. in which a person or group has absolute power • Final Revolution  Classless society

  17. Industrial Capitalism Economic system based on industrial production Produced middle class; people who built factories, bought machines, studied markets

  18. Socialism A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production (nat. resources, factories, etc.)

  19. SocialismIdeology • Equality of all people • Replace competition w/ cooperation in industry • Early socialists: “Utopians” • Ultimate goal: classless society

  20. Proletariat The Working class; From Marx’s theory (i.e. Russian Revolution)

  21. Bourgeoisie The Middle Class French origin; Sometimes negative connotation— Ambition, greed

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