1 / 55

Wheelchair Seated Passenger Transport

Wheelchair Seated Passenger Transport. The State of the Art Part 2 PMG NTE 2009. Bob Appleyard Technical Advisor Unwin Safety Systems Chairman of BSI CH173/1 Alison Johnston Clinical Specialist PT Bromley Wheelchair Service Member of BSI CH173/1. Structure for Part 2.

gloriagreen
Download Presentation

Wheelchair Seated Passenger Transport

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Wheelchair Seated Passenger Transport The State of the ArtPart 2 PMG NTE 2009

  2. Bob Appleyard Technical Advisor Unwin Safety Systems Chairman of BSI CH173/1 Alison Johnston Clinical Specialist PT Bromley Wheelchair Service Member of BSI CH173/1

  3. Structure for Part 2 • Recap last year • Developments arising • Training • Engineering development • BSI initiatives • Passport scheme • CEN proposal (wheelchairs for use in transport) • Discussion and feedback

  4. BA

  5. Desired Best Practice The Realities • Need to accept that transfer from wheelchair to vehicle seat may not be possible. • Primary objective is to seek similar levels of safety as those who travel in a vehicle seat. • Need to accept reduced injury tolerance of persons with disability. • Need to realise that wheelchairs and associated equipment are Medical Devices – following Directive 93/42/EC • Need to understand the approach of the Directive

  6. Medical Devices Directive. • Compliance with the ‘Essential Requirements’ of the Medical Devices Directive 93/42/EC – wheelchairs are Class I Device. • Manufacturers Statement of Intended Usage and Limitations in Use. • Clear Pre-Sale literature and Instructions For Use (IFU). • Emphasis on ‘removal of risk by design’ and use of warnings. • Risk Management File as part of the product Technical File is key element. • Post Market Vigilance – ‘AIR’ and ‘FSN’ and the ‘MDA’

  7. International Standards • ISO 7176 Part 19 – Wheelchair as a seat in motor vehicle. • ISO 16840 Part 4 – Seating systems for use in motor vehicle. • ISO 10542 Parts 1 to 5 - Wheelchair tie-downs and occupant restraint systems. • Treated as ‘Separate Technical Units’. • All derived from automotive industry risk control measures

  8. EU Automotive Regulations • Fixed in EU Law and covers the overall occupant protection system. • Vehicle Seats Directive 74/408/EC. • Seat Belt Anchorages Directive 76/115/EC. • Seat Belts Directive 77/541//EC. • Interior Projections Directive 74/60/EC. • Vehicle Types Directive 70/156/EC • The ATD Surrogate Human Occupant.

  9. Surrogate Human Occupant ATD Anthropomorphic Test Device 50th %ile male 5th %ile female 6 year old 3 year old 18 month

  10. Wheelchair Seated Passengers

  11. Wheelchair Seated Passengers

  12. Automotive Provisions based on established ‘Risk Model’ Aimed at the mass automotive market Originally based on 50th %ile ex-military male Range extended to 5th and 95th% ile and child ATD’s All reasonably fit individuals Wheelchair Seated Wheelchair as a seat Poor control over OR geometry Effective OR becomes more difficult as complexity of disability increases Reduced injury tolerance Means that we have to consider an additional Risk Factors. Automotive and Wheelchair Seated Comparison

  13. Poor Geometry

  14. Abdominal Intrusion

  15. Understanding Risk • Risk has a value in education, in leisure and in social development.

  16. Risk Management • Policies, procedures and practices involved in the task of analysing, evaluating and controlling risk. • Risk Assessment – process of identifying hazards and consequences. • Risk Evaluation – judgement of acceptability of a given risk. • Risk Control – measures taken to reduce risks to acceptable levels. • Risk Benefit Analysis – consideration of value of benefits against risk. • Above all - the process relies on the ability to make Informed Decisions (and supported).

  17. AJ

  18. Real Life!

  19. Audit Criteria (1) • Accurate positioning of the rear tie-down • Angle of pull of the rear tie-down (30° - 45°) • Accurate position of the front tie-down • Angle of pull on the front tie-down (40° - 60°) • Position of the pelvic portion of the occupant restraint • Position of the shoulder portion of the occupant restraint (ISO 10542)

  20. Audit Criteria (2) • Tray removed from the wheelchair (MDA DB2001(03)) • Bags removed from the wheelchair (MDA DB2001(03)) • All items removed from the wheelchair are secured elsewhere in the bus (MDA DB2001(03)) • Space in front of the wheelchair is in excess of 450 mm. (Le Claire et al 2003)

  21. Audit Results • None of the criteria were met completely • None of the students met all the criteria • Positioning of the tie-down was more consistent than the angle of pull. • The pelvic belt was more accurately positioned than the shoulder belt. • Space…..

  22. Real World

  23. Training Tools Understanding Lateral thinking Flexibility Compassion Engineering Wheelchair design Seating unit design Integrated lap belts Fully integrated systems 2008 Summary

  24. 2008 Summary • BSI initiatives • Creating a new version of 7176-19 possibly including seating systems (16840-4) • More alignment with European approach • Remove risk by design • User orientated • “Passport Scheme” • Manufacturer participation

  25. BA

  26. So what has been happening since last year?? AJ

  27. AJ

  28. Training Plan • 15 minute awareness session • 2 hour training • Driver and assistant teams • Bus company managers • Risk orientated

  29. Awareness Session • Carried out at one school • Involved all teams who carried wheelchair seated passengers on their bus (17 teams) • End of the school day 15 minutes before the children boarded the buses to go home • Handout

  30. Format of Handout Front tie-down – positioned on the side frame above the front castor, at an angle between 40° and 60° to the horizontal and pulled tight.

  31. More In – Depth Training • 2 hours • Classroom Session • Hands – on session

  32. Classroom Session • Basic understanding of the situation • Responsibilities of drivers and assistants • Importance of Manufacturer's information • WTORS • “Video Nasties”

  33. Essential Understanding 50% of injuries are due to normal vehicle movement e.g. Cornering, braking AND Incorrect use of wheelchair tie-downs and occupant restraints

  34. Hands – On Session • Use of either a vehicle or training platform • Demonstration of how it should be done • The importance of floor space • Preferred routing of the occupant restraint (OR) • What to look for when routing the OR in line with the user’s needs

  35. BA

  36. Engineering / Technical Developments • University of Glamorgan • Paul Rogers - Research Fellow • Virtual ‘Crash Testing’ of seating systems and wheelchair combinations. • Service offers pre-testing of bespoke designs in order to provide a prediction of seating system performance. • Supports Risk Assessment / Evaluation process. • progers@glam.ac.uk

  37. Engineering / Technical Developments • Securement of Transportable Power-chairs up to 200kg.

  38. Engineering / Technical Developments • Improvements to Occupant Restraint System Geometry.

  39. Improved Lap Belt Geometry

  40. Engineering / Technical Developments • Seating System Occupant Restraint System Geometry.

  41. Engineering / Technical Developments Seating System – Wheelchair Securement.

  42. Achieving Mobility for Life 2007 • Audible inclinometer • Passport Scheme • Improved visibility of tie-down points AJ

  43. BSI Travel Passport Scheme • Intention • The travel passport scheme is a means to relay information • To vehicle drivers and passenger assistants • Essential for the safe transport of a wheelchair • AND seated occupant in a motor vehicle • A means to avoid ‘mistakes’ due to the driver being ill-informed BA

  44. BSI Travel Passport Scheme • Reviews • Examination of existing schemes • Consultation of ATCO, FTA, RESMaG, NWMF • BSI general role of “bringing order to a chaotic situation” • Possible BSI PAS for a Travel Passport (type) Scheme for pan-UK application

  45. BSI Travel Passport Scheme • Basic Principles • Works in conjunction with Risk Assessment – needs CONTROL • Suited to school/social services/PTS/DAR • NOT for public transport operations • Taxis? Under what conditions? • Strive for cross-boundary application – hence the term ‘Passport’

  46. BSI Travel Passport Scheme Based on Manufacturers Instructions for Use • Wheelchair make and model • Suitable for transport • Seating orientation • Tie-down points • Tie-down rating required • Occupant restraint system type

  47. BSI Travel Passport Scheme Based on User’s personal requirements • Combined weight of wheelchair and occupant • Seat tilt position • Head support/restraint (16840-4) • Tray • Foot straps • Pommel/Knee block • Postural support belts • Occupant restraint type and its limitations

More Related