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Muscular System

Understand the complexity of the muscular system with over 640 muscles in your body. Learn about voluntary and involuntary muscles, types of muscle tissue, tendons, muscle injuries, and muscles like biceps, triceps, quadriceps, deltoid, pectoralis major, and gluteus maximus.

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Muscular System

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  1. Muscular System

  2. Introduction • There are more than 640 muscles in your body. • Almost half of the body’s weight is muscle. 40 % (can be up to 80!) • Responsible for body movement and the production of heat • Also helps give shape to your body

  3. Types of Muscle • Involuntary muscles are not under your conscious control. • You do not have to think about moving them to make them move; they move on their own. • Responsible for activities such as breathing and digesting food.

  4. Types of Muscle • Muscles that are under your conscious control are voluntary muscles.

  5. Types of Muscle Tissue • Three types of muscle tissue • Skeletal, Smooth, and Cardiac • Some are voluntary and some are involuntary

  6. Skeletal Muscle • These muscles are attached to the skeleton. • Provide the force that moves your bones. • They are responsible for movement. • Skeletal muscles are sometimes called striated muscles because the muscle cells appear banded, or striated. • Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles. • Can react very quickly • Tire quickly

  7. Tendons • Tendons are strong connective tissues that attach muscles to bones.

  8. Smooth Muscle • Smooth muscles are found inside of many internal organs. • They are involuntary muscles. • They work automatically to control certain movements inside your body, such as those used in digestion. • Smooth muscles cells are not striated. • React slowly • Tire slowly

  9. Cardiac Muscle • Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart. • It is involuntary. • Cardiac muscle cells are striated. • Does not tire • Repeated contractions are called heartbeats.

  10. Muscles at Work • Muscles do their work by contracting, or becoming shorter and thicker. • Muscles contract when they receive messages from the nervous system. • Because they can only contract, not extend, they must work in pairs. • When one muscle contracts, the other muscle of the pair relaxes to its original length.

  11. Muscles Work in Pairs

  12. Muscular Strength and Flexibility • Exercise makes individual muscle cells grow in size. • As the muscle cells get larger, the whole muscle becomes thicker. • The thicker a muscle is, the stronger it is. • Stretching and warming up before exercise makes the muscle more flexible.

  13. Muscle Injuries • A muscle strain, or pulled muscle, can occur when a muscle is overworked or overstretched. • Tendons can also become overworked or overstretched. • Muscle cramps occur when the muscle contracts strongly and stays contracted.

  14. Muscles to Know • Biceps • Triceps

  15. Muscles to Know • Quadriceps

  16. Muscles to Know • Deltoid

  17. Muscles to Know • Pectoralis major

  18. Muscles to Know • Gluteus maximus

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