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The National Assembly

The National Assembly. 1789. From August 1788 to May 1789. Third Estate increasingly aware of its importance An ambiguous voting system mixing progressive changes and traditional rules What the Third Estate demands: deliberation in common and voting by head

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The National Assembly

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  1. The National Assembly 1789

  2. From August 1788 to May 1789 • Third Estate increasingly aware of its importance • An ambiguous voting system mixing progressive changes and traditional rules • What the Third Estate demands: deliberation in common and voting by head • What they get: doubling of their deputies but vote by order

  3. Publication in January 1789 of Sieyès’ pamphlet Qu’est-ceque le Tiers Etat? Le plan de cet écrit est assez simple. Nous avons trois questions ànous faire. 1° Qu’est-ce que le Tiers état? — TOUT. 2° Qu’a-t-il été jusqu’à présent dans l’ordre politique? —RIEN. 3° Que demande-t-il? — À ÊTRE QUELQUE CHOSE. On va voir si les réponses sont justes. Jusque-là, ce serait à tortqu’on taxerait d’exagération des vérités dont on n’a pas encorevu les preuves. Nous examinerons ensuite les moyens que l’on aessayés, et ceux que l’on doit prendre, afin que le Tiers étatdevienne, en effet, quelque chose. Ainsi nous dirons : 4° Ce que les ministres ont tenté, et ce que les privilégiés eux-mêmes proposent en sa faveur. 5° Ce qu’on aurait dû faire. 6° Enfin, ce qui reste à faire au Tiers pour prendre la place quilui est due.

  4. The actual meeting • Old ceremonial form maintained • Disappointing speeches • Voting procedure not mentioned • After a year of expectation, a sense of deflation

  5. The Third Estate refuses to act whilst separate from the 2 other orders • 17 June 1789: National Assembly • 20 June: Tennis Court Oath • 23 June: decisions of the Assembly declared null and void, Estates ordered to separate • 27 June: Louis backs down, National Constituent Assembly

  6. In Paris • 26 June & 1 July: troops surrounding Paris and Versailles • Necker dismissed • Electors set themselves up as an unofficial municipal authority and create a militia • Search for gunpowder • 15 July: Louis XVI capitulates • 16 July: triumphant welcome in Paris

  7. In the countryside • Rumours spread in the provinces • Grande Peur • Rumours of aristocrats paying brigands to steal crops • Peasants attack castles and destroy manorial rolls

  8. In the National Assembly • 4 August 1789: feudalism swept away • 26 August: Declaration of the rights of man • 1 October: King calls his Flanders regiment for protection, feast causes outrage • 5 October: Women march on Versailles and bring back the king to Paris • 6 October: king sanctions the rights of man

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