1 / 10

OE vocabulary

OE vocabulary. OE vocabulary. OE - relatively few borrowings ; most words were native ( i.e . Germanic); Many words - almost identical: hand, winter, under; Some words - similar form, but different meaning: brēad (piece), drēam (joy), sellan (give), winnan (fight);

gregory-richard
Download Presentation

OE vocabulary

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. OE vocabulary

  2. OE vocabulary • OE - relatively few borrowings; most words werenative (i.e. Germanic); • Many words - almost identical: • hand, winter, under; • Some words - similar form, but different meaning: • brēad (piece), drēam (joy), sellan (give), winnan (fight); • Some words - limited context(fixedexpressions/collocatins/idioms): • bridegroom, werewolf, Yuletide; • Many OE words did not survive: • blīcan (shine), here (army), racu (explanation);

  3. OE - borrowings • Latin: • before OE (Romans  Germanic tribes): • trade: Lat vīnum  OE wīn • military: Lat vallum  OE weall • OE (Anglo-Saxons): • learned loanwords: Lat scrīnium  OE scrīn, Lat schola  OE scōl • Celtic: • place names: Avon, Dover, London • Lat  Celtic  OE: -ceaster, -coln

  4. OE - borrowings • Old Norse • Most ON words in OE were unwritten until ME • Many loanwords = cognates: • substitution OE sweoster/ON systir • bifurcation OE scyrte/ON skirta • other examples; • call • take • give • they – them – their • vind + auga (window)

  5. ME vocabulary

  6. ME lexicon - borrowings • Latin (often via Fr) • religion: pulpit, scripture, • law: conviction, commit, legitimate • education: library, index, scribe • science: medicine, equal, recipe • Greek • via Lat: chaos, history • via Fr: chronicle, dragon,

  7. Engnobilesused many FrwordswhilespeakingEng ME lexicon - borrowings • French (esp. 1250 – 1400) • administration: government, country, royal • law: crime, court, judge • religion: preach, saint • military: castle, captain, soldier • food: beef, fry, fruit • education: literature, letter • …

  8. ModEvocabulary

  9. ModE - borrowings • Latin (science, geography, medicine): • peninsula, library, delirium… • Greek: • many words via Lat & Fr: rhythm, barbarous, machine… • French (social life, art): • ModE: cigarette, police, camouflage, cliché… • ME vs. ModE: chief vs. chef

  10. ModE - borrowings • Spanish & Portuguese (trade, nature): • alligator, chocolate, embargo, potato, tornado… • Italian (art, food, social life): • piano, opera, balloon, casino, fresco,influenza, broccoli… • Dutch (trade, navy): • deck, iceberg, smuggle, booze, • Br colonies: • jungle (Hindu), bazaar (Persian), tea (Chinese), rattan (Malay), boomerang (Austr), banana (W Afr)

More Related