Unit 6: Sexually Transmitted Diseases

1. Unit 6: Sexually Transmitted Diseases

2. Chlamydia:the most common bacterial STD in the USA • Genital Herpes:a STD caused by a virus that often causes painful blisters or ulcers; can not be cured

3. HPV • Human Papilloma Virus:5 million new cases in U.S. teenagers each year, leading cause of cervical cancer .A STD caused by HPV, causes warts in the genital and anal areas and has been linked to cervical cancer and penile cancer

4. Gonorrhea:a STD caused by bacteria that can infect the mucous membranes of the penis, vagina, throat, or rectum • Syphilis:a STD caused by bacteria that can spread through bloodstream to any organ in the body

5. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: PID – an infection of the uterus and fallopian tubes often caused by STDs; if untreated, may result in infertility

6. 2 types of Herpes Virus • Type 1 – found above the waist [cold sores or fever blisters on the mouth] • Type 2 – found below the waist • Places one can go for testing, diagnosis & treatment for STDs • Private Doctor • Public Health Clinic • National STD Hotline

7. What causes it ? • Gonorrhea-Neisseria, Gonorrhoeses, Bacterum • Chlamydia-Chlamydia, trachomatis, Bacterum • Genital Herpes-Herpes, simplex, VIRUS • Syphilis-Treponema, pallidum, Bacterum • Genital Warts-HPV-VIRUS • Hepatitis B- Hepatitis B VIRUS • HIV/AIDS-VIRUS • Pubic Lice (Crabs)-Insect • Scabies-Mite

8. How is it spread? • Gonorrhea- Sexual contact; mother to infant at birth • Chlamydia -Sexual contact; mother to infant at birth • Genital Herpes- Sexual contact; contact between chancre or rash & mucous membranes or break in skin; mother to infant before birth • Syphilis-Sexual contact;

9. Human Papilloma Virus- Genital Warts- Sexual contact; • Hepatitis B- Sexual contact; sharing needles; sharing items like razors, toothbrushes, eating utensils; mother to infant at birth • HIV/AIDS- Sexual contact; exchange of bodily fluids; sharing needles • Pubic Lice (Crabs)-Sexual contact • Scabies-Sexual contact

10. What are the signs & symptoms of Gonorrhea? Women • oftenno signs or symptoms; vaginal irritation & discharge; pain in lower abdomen Males • frequent, painful urination; heavy yellow discharge of pus from penis; tenderness in groin or testicles; swollen lymph nodes or groin

11. What are the signs & symptoms of Chlamydia? Women • usually no signs or symptoms; painful urination; vaginal discharge; pain in lower abdomen; bleeding between menstrual periods Men • often no signs or symptoms; painful, difficult urination; white or yellow discharge from penis

12. What are the signs & symptoms of Genital Herpes? • Women • usually no signs or symptoms; painful blisters on cervix, vagina, vulva, thighs, or buttocks; sluggish feeling; fever; flu-like symptoms; lymph node enlargement • Men • usually no signs or symptoms; blisters on penis, thighs, or buttocks; painful urination; sluggish feeling; fever; flu-like symptoms; lymph node enlargement

13. What are the signs & symptoms for Syphilis? • First signs: small, red bumps at the point of infection, which becomes an open sore oozing fluid (called a chancre)

14. Syphilis • Later signs:a rash; a dull, depressed feeling; fever, joint pain; hair loss, large moist sores around the sex organs or mouth • Final stage:blindness; brain damage; paralysis; can cause death

15. Signs & symptoms • HPV-Warts in the genital or anal area; at site of skin to skin contact • Hepatitis B-Flu-like symptoms; dark urine; yellowing of skin • Crabs-Intense itching & possible rash in genital area; occasional swelling of lymph nodes in the groin • Scabies-Intense itching in genital area, under the breast, in the armpits, between the fingers, or elsewhere

16. Highest possible percent that show signs & symptoms • Gonorrhea • Females: 80% show no signs or are mild • Males: most show no signs • Chlamydia- Very few show signs. Results may only show when woman wants to get pregnant. • Genital Herpes • Males: 75% can pass it to someone else • Females: 25% show sign

17. Medicine/Cure? • Gonorrhea-Antibiotics • Chlamydia-Antibiotics • Genital Herpes- NO CURE but medicine can ease symptoms • Human Papilloma Virus- NO CURE; Warts can be removed by tricloracetic acid; podophyllin; laser; liquid nitrogen; surgery

18. Hepatitis B-NO CURE; interferon & gamma globulin can ease symptoms; vaccine available • HIV/AIDS-NO CURE • Syphilis-Antibiotics • Pubic Lice (Crabs)-Medicated lotions & shampoos • Scabies- Medicated lotions & shampoos

19. Testing & diagnosis for STDs • A person who has an STD can go to a family doctor, or a private doctor to get tested • There are public health clinics that offer free or low-cost treatment • Clinics can be found in the Yellow Pages

20. Treatment for STDs • After a person takes medicine and feels better, they have to keep taking the medicine until it is completely gone • Sex partners should be treated at the same time for certain STDs • If both sex partners are not treated at the same time, they can continue to re-infect each other

21. HIV:Human Immune Deficiency Virus – the virus that causes AIDS • AIDS:Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome- a STD caused by a virus that cripples a person’s immune system • HIV-antibody test:a test used to determine whether a person has been infected with HIV • HIV positive: the condition of being infected with HIV