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Cold War

Cold War. Cold War. Undeclared war against soviet union- justified wider military and economic rule Return to “normalcy”- huge military budgets and new international ties Fear of Soviet Extend dominion- “sphere of influence” Usage of violence, terror and crime Stalin- Tolitarian.

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Cold War

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  1. Cold War

  2. Cold War • Undeclared war against soviet union- justified wider military and economic rule • Return to “normalcy”- huge military budgets and new international ties • Fear of Soviet • Extend dominion- “sphere of influence” • Usage of violence, terror and crime • Stalin- Tolitarian

  3. Munich analogy- policy of appeasement didn’t work- US will not give in to S.U. claims • Iron curtain fell between satellite nations and the democratic nation • George Kennan’s long telegram- S.U. was too paranoid concerning capitalists. = containment. (Truman adopted) • The Iranian crisis- rich in oil, struggle for influence in middle east, Russian troops did not withdraw (but eventually they reached an agreement to withdraw) • Truman Doctrine- British aid to Greece and Turkey pulled out- fear of communist take over so Truman provided economic and military aid- to contain and resist communist spread

  4. Marshall Plan-w/o aid to western Europe communists would seize Germany, Italy and France. • George c. Marshall- sec. of state to propose aid plan- as Europe recover- help US products • Soviets blocked Hungary and Czechoslovakia and blame fell on S.U. For dividing Europe.

  5. West Germany- US, GB and France form West Germany. Western controlled Berlin blockaded roads-lifted a year later. • NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization: mutual defense pact An alliance during peacetime • Israel organized: supported Jews immigrating to homeland.

  6. Arms • Atomic Energy Commission- civilian agency control of all fissionable materials. • Baruch plan-US dominate international atomic agency Stalin wanted ban resulted in arms race. • Atomic deterrence: deter any SU attack by replying with atomic counterattack.

  7. Post war prosperity • Consumer spending and business spending jumped (higher wages- saved during war) • Government expenditures at local, state and federal levels. • Health care- education-govt. programs • Spurred by public spending

  8. Adjustments • Women accept “traditional role” • Minority workers :last hired, first hired • Face with discrimination- start to fight rigid segregation • NAACP and CRE start to rise again • To Secure these rights: Truman's committee on Civil Rights-discovered inequality, caste system • Congress refuses to act • Organized labor- drop in hours and OT pay- strike, Truman threatens to draft workers= public turns

  9. New Deal extension?- Truman pushed for full employment, subs. Public housing, national health insurance, etc. • People fight back due to inflation • Blocked extension of New Deal • Taft-Hartley Act- pushed by Bob Taft • Allowed president to order workers back on the job during 90-day cooling off period- collective bargaining cont. • Right to work laws • Eliminate union membership as a prerequisite. • GI Bill- • Receive tuition and fees plus living expenses for 3yrs of education • Blue collar- white collar shift • Low interest loans Middle class growing, prosperous, suburban, rise of white male

  10. Election of 1948 • Henry Wallace- Progressives (push New Deal) • Thurmond- States’ Rights -Dixiecrat (southern conservative wing) • Dewey- republican Truman won due to liberal conservative extremes- ethnic groups followed him. • Fair Deal- Truman's agenda for 2nd term • Congress blocked many new initiatives

  11. Cold War at Home • Outspoken agaoinst communists • Couldn’t belive communists excuse Stalins aggression and push into Eastern Europe • Sympathizers of New Deal –socialists- hollywood • Soviet Union and own atom bomb • H-bomb • Chiang Kai-shek flees to Formosa (taiwain • Mai Zedong takes beijing- China now communist- US to help? Or let fall to Communists • Hiss Case-accused of passing secrets to SU • Klaus Fachs- worked on Manhattan Project spied for SU

  12. Loyalty Crusade • Supervisors to review and certify loyalties of those who worked below them- out of hand- guilty until proven innocent • HUAC- investigate communist influence in film industry • Hollywood ten- refused upon first amendment right to say if they had ever been communists- given prison time • Blacklisting-prenvtedadmitted or accused from getting a job- faced false charges, rumors or accusations • McCarran Act-required all communists to register with attorney general, detain suspects, no entry if from totalitarian govt. • McCarthyism

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