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CELL TRANSPORTATION

2 types of transportation. PASSIVE TRANSPORT

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CELL TRANSPORTATION

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    1. CELL TRANSPORTATION GPS SB1a

    2. 2 types of transportation PASSIVE TRANSPORT—the movement of materials through a membrane without the use of energy ACTIVE TRANSPORT—the movement of materials through the membrane using energy

    3. Plasma Membrane All cells have a PLASMA MEMBRANE surrounding them. The plasma membrane regulates materials coming in and out of the cell. There are protein channels and pumps in the cell membrane used to move materials into or out of the cell

    4. PASSIVE TRANSPORT DIFFUSION—movement of material from a crowded area to a less crowded area Moves from HIGH to LOW concentration

    5. PASSIVE TRANSPORT OSMOSIS—diffusion of WATER across the membrane Regulating the water flow through the plasma membrane is important in maintaining HOMEOSTASIS Water = blue Solute = green

    6. Osmosis Water always tries to reach an equal concentration on both sides of the membrane.

    7. HOW OSMOSIS AFFECTS OUR CELLS: CELLS IN AN ISOTONIC SOLUTION the concentration of dissolved particles and water is the same inside and outside of the cell

    8. HOW OSMOSIS AFFECTS OUR CELLS: CELLS IN AN HYPOTONIC SOLUTION the concentration of dissolved particles is lower outside the cell than inside the cell therefore, there is more water outside the cell than inside the cell

    9. HOW OSMOSIS AFFECTS OUR CELLS: CELLS IN AN HYPERTONIC SOLUTION the concentration of dissolved substances is higher outside the cell than inside the cell. This means there is more water in the cell than outside the cell

    10. Active Transport The movement of substances AGAINST the concentration gradient From LOW to HIGH concentration Requires energy- ATP Two ways: By carrier proteins By vesicles

    11. Carrier Proteins Move substances across the cell membrane by changing their shape Moves from an area of LOW to an area of HIGH concentration Requires ENERGY (ATP)

    12. ENDOCYTOSIS The process by which a cell surrounds a vesicle or other substance in its environment and takes it in The cell ENGULFS the substance Uses energy to move large substances

    13. EXOCYTOSIS The expulsion or secretion of materials from the cell (usually in a vesicle) Used to expel wastes or secrete substances like hormones Uses energy to move large substances

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