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Adrenal and Pituitary

2. Anatomy and Physiology. PituitaryAdrenal. 3. Hormones. PituitaryAdrenal. 4. Adrenal Gland. Gross and microscopic anatomyHormonesSugar (glucocorticoids)Salt (mineralcorticoids)Sex (androgens). 5. Adrenal Hormones Function and Dysfunction. MineralocorticoidsAldosteroneGlucocorticoids

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Adrenal and Pituitary

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    1. 1 Adrenal and Pituitary Dr. Kathleen Ethridge Northeast Texas Community College

    2. 2 Anatomy and Physiology Pituitary Adrenal

    3. 3 Hormones Pituitary Adrenal

    4. 4 Adrenal Gland Gross and microscopic anatomy Hormones Sugar (glucocorticoids) Salt (mineralcorticoids) Sex (androgens)

    5. 5 Adrenal Hormones Function and Dysfunction Mineralocorticoids Aldosterone Glucocorticoids Cortisol ACTH Androgens

    6. 6 Addison’s Disease See handout

    7. 7 Diagnostic Tests of Adrenocortical Function See chart Cortisol levels plasma urine with suppression (dexamethasone) Aldosterone level Plasma ACTH with stimulation (cosyntropin) Renin level Corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test

    8. 8 Corticosteroids See chart Glucocorticoids Dexamethasone Decadron methylprednisolone Medrol hydrocortisone Hydrocortone Mineralocorticoids Florinef

    9. 9 Corticosteroid Use Diabetes mellitus Inflammatory bowel disorder Hypertension Congestive heart failure Renal insufficiency Note: Steroids are contraindicated in clients with viral, fungal, or tubercular infections.

    10. 10 Addisonian Crises Sudden profound weakness Sever abdominal , back, and leg pain Hypothermia Hypotension Coma Renal shutdown Death see handout for treatment

    11. 11 Cushing’s Syndrome See handout

    12. 12 Transphenoidal Hypophysectomy

    13. 13 Hyperaldosteronism See handout

    14. 14 Complications of Spironolactone See chart Drug of choice for primary hyperaldosteronism Side effects GI distress impotence gynecomasatia Drug interaction with Digoxin with Aspirin

    15. 15 Pheochromocytoma Adrenomedullary disorder See handout

    16. 16 Effects of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine Cardiovascular Respiratory System Nervous System Metabolism

    17. 17 Adrenalectomy TCDB Check for hemorrhage Watch for shock Vital Signs I & O Replacement hormones

    18. 18 Pituitary Disorders Anterior Pituitary Hyperpituitarism and Hyperprolactinemia Hypopituitarism

    19. 19 Pituitary Posterior Lobe Diabetes insipidus SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone)

    20. 20 Monitor clients for DI & SIADH See Chart ADH Urine Output Urine Osmolality Urine Specific Gravity Serum Sodium Urine Sodium Plasma Osmolality Daily Weight Mental Changes

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