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FVCC Fire Rescue

FVCC Fire Rescue. SAFETY. OBJECTIVES. 2-3.1 Identify dangerous building conditions created by fire. (3-3.9, 3-3.11) 2-3.2 Identify the effects of the following items in a burning building: (3-3.9, 3-3.10, 3-3.11) 2-3.2.1 Heat 2-3.2.2 Smoke 2-3.2.3 Water

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FVCC Fire Rescue

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  1. FVCC Fire Rescue SAFETY

  2. OBJECTIVES • 2-3.1 Identify dangerous building conditions created by fire. (3-3.9, 3-3.11) • 2-3.2 Identify the effects of the following items in a burning building: (3-3.9, 3-3.10, 3-3.11) • 2-3.2.1 Heat • 2-3.2.2 Smoke • 2-3.2.3 Water • 2-3.3 Identify the term “building collapse”. (3-3.9, 3-3.11)

  3. OBJECTIVES 2-3.4 Identify hazards related to electrical emergencies. (3-3.17) 2-3.5 List the electrical emergencies that may be encountered. (3-3.17) 2-3.6 Identify the proper actions to take in the case of an electrical emergency. (3-3.17)

  4. OBJECTIVES • 2-3.7 Identify the function of the following articles of protective equipment: (3-1.1.2, 3-3.1, 3-3.2) • 2-3.7.1 Helmet (with face shield) • 2-3.7.2 Hood • 2-3.7.3 Boots • 2-3.7.4 Gloves • 2-3.7.5 Protective coat • 2-3.7.6 Protective trousers • 2-3.7.7 PASS device • 2-3.7.8 Eye protection • 2-3.7.9 SCBA • 2-3.7.10 Hearing Protection

  5. OBJECTIVES 2-3.8 Identify the care, inspection and maintenance of the protective clothing and equipment assigned or available for use. (3-1.1.2, 3-3.1, 3-3.2) 2-3.9 Identify the limitations of the protective clothing and equipment assigned or available for use.

  6. OBJECTIVES • 2-3.10 Identify the types of accidents or injuries and their causes that occur in the following locations: (3-1.1.1, 4-11.1.1) • 2-3.10.1 Fireground • 2-3.10.2 Responding and returning • 2-3.10.3 Training • 2-3.10.4 Other on-duty locations (3-3.4, 4-4.2) • 2-3.10.5 Non-fire emergencies

  7. OBJECTIVES 2-3.11 Identify the safety procedures for ensuring a safe station/facility environment. (3-1.1.1, 4-1.1.1) 2-3.12 Identify the potential consequences of exposure to products of combustion. (3-3.10, 3-3.11) 2-3.13 Identify the elements of a personnel accountability system. (3-3.4)

  8. OBJECTIVES Objectives 2-3.14 through 2-3.21 shall be met by the individual department or authority having jurisdiction, in accordance with currently accepted standards and practices, and appropriate for local equipment and/or procedures.

  9. OBJECTIVES 2-3.14* Describe the responsibilities of a fire department as required by NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program and adopted by the authority having jurisdiction. (3-1.1.1) 2-3.15* Demonstrate the techniques for action when you are personally trapped or disoriented in a fire situation or in a hostile environment. (3-1.1.1)

  10. OBJECTIVES 2-3.16* Demonstrate the donning and doffing of the protective equipment specified in 2-3.7. (3-1.1.1) 2-3.17* Demonstrate the use of seat belts, noise barriers, and other safety equipment provided for protection while riding on apparatus.

  11. OBJECTIVES • 2-3.18* Demonstrate safety procedures when mounting, dismounting and operating around fire apparatus. (3-3.16) • 2-3.19* Demonstrate shutting off the utility services to a building. (3-3.4) • 2-3.20* Demonstrate safety procedures when using fire service lighting equipment given the following: (3-3.4) • 2-3.20.1* Power supply (portable or mounted) • 23.20.2 Lights • 2-3.20.3 Cords • 2-3.20.4 Connectors • 2-3.20.5 Ground-fault interrupter (GFI)

  12. OBJECTIVES • Demonstrate the use of an accountability system at an incident. (3-1.1.1) • IFSTA, Essentials, 4th ed, Chapter 4 • Delmar, Firefighter’s Handbook, 2000, chapter 5

  13. DANGEROUS BUILDING CONDTIONS • Fire spread • Combustible furnishings • Combustible finishes • Presence of a heavy fire load • Large, open spaces which are difficult to ventilate and/or to stop fire spread

  14. DANGEROUS BUILIDNG CONDITIONS • Weakened support members • Water build-up • Building collapse 2-3.3 • Failure of building’s support members • Caused by effects of fire or actions of firefighters • The longer the building burns, the more chance for collapse

  15. HEAT, SMOKE, & WATER IN A BURNING BUILDING • Heat 2-3.2.1 • Intense heat leads to further combustion • Smoke 2-3.2.2 • Hinders firefighting efforts • Water 2-3.2.3 • Moisture content in materials (ex: wood) determines combustibility of materials • Adds weight to already fire weakened building materials.

  16. HAZARDS RELATED TO ELECTRICAL EMERGENCIES • Hazards • Burns • Electrical shocks • Electrical emergencies that may be encountered. • Downed power lines • Contact with electric lines • Energized equipment

  17. PROPER ACTIONS FOR A ELECTRICAL EMERGENCY Notify the power company Do not use solid or straight hose streams when possible electrical hazards exists Let pole top or cross-arm fires burn until power company arrives Exercise caution when using ladders around electrical hazards When possible, avoid parking apparatus under overhead wires

  18. PROPER ACTIONS FOR A ELECTRICAL EMERGENCY • Keep aerial devices at least ten feet from electric lines • Let only power company personnel cut lines • Treat all wires as “live” • Establish a danger zone of at least one span around downed power lines. • Wear full protective clothing when an electrical hazard exists.

  19. FUNCTIONS OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING • Helmet (with face shield) • Helmet protects head from impact, puncture injuries, and water • Face shield provides limited protection from flying particles or liquids • Protective Hood 2-3.7.2 • Protects portions of the face, ears and neck not covered by helmet or coat from extreme heat • Boots 2-3.7.3 • Protects the feet from burns, puncture injuries and crushing blows

  20. FUNCTIONS OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING • Gloves • Protects the hands from cuts, wounds, burns and heat and cold while providing dexterity. • Protective Coat and Trousers • Protects the trunk and limbs from injuries, moisture and thermal barriers • Personal Alert Safety System (PASS) • Provides protection by emitting a loud shriek if the firefighter should collapse or remain motionless for a period of time

  21. FUNCTIONS OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING • Eye Protection 2-3.7.8 • Provides protection against flying particles and/or splashes • Eye protection, in the form of safety goggles or safety glasses, should be worn in addition to that provided by the part of the helmet, when the SCBA facepiece is not being worn • Face shields provided as part of a helmet provide secondary protection only and do not meet NFPA 1500 for eye protection

  22. FUNCTIONS OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING • SCBA 2-3.7.9 • Provides respiratory protection when in a toxic atmosphere • Hearing Protection 2-3.7.10 • To protect from hearing loss when exposed to loud working environments

  23. CARE & INSPECTION OF PPE • Must meet NFPA Standard when equipment was manufactured • Helmets • Inspection • Check for proper fit and repair or replace • Check for damage and repair or replace • Check for adequate separation between outer shell and suspension web • Check suspension system for deterioration and replace • Consult manufacturer if repainting is necessary • Remove polycarbonate helmets that have come in contact with hydraulic fluids until it can be determined no damage has occurred.

  24. CARE & INSPECTION OF PPE • Helmets cont. • Care • Remove dirt from outer shell • Remove chemicals, oils and petroleum products as soon as possible • Consult manufacturer for cleaners • Coats, trousers and hoods • Inspection • Check for tears • Check for debris and remove

  25. CARE & INSPECTION OF PPE • Coats, trousers, and hoods cont. • Care • Brush debris off • Hand wash with mild soap and water • Rinse • Air dry • Boots • Inspection • Proper fit • Deterioration (replace, if necessary) • Cuts, punctures and worn areas

  26. CARE & INSPECTION OF PPE • Boots • Care • Wash oil, grease, etc. from boot • Store in cool, dry location • Gloves • Inspection • Tears, cuts • Deterioration • Care • Check for tears • Check for debris and remove

  27. Homework • Match articles of protective clothing and equipment to their correct functions. Write the correct letters in the blanks. • ___1. Protects the face and lungs from heat, toxic smoke, and products • of combustion • ___ 2. Protect the feet from burn injuries and puncture wounds • ___3. Protect the eyes from flying particles or liquids • ___ 4. Protects the head from impact and puncture injuries • ___ 5. Protect against cuts, abrasions, and radiant heat burn injuries, • and provide limited protection from corrosive liquids • Helmet b. Protective coat and trousers • c. Safety shoes or boots d. Eye protection e. SCBA

  28. Homework Match articles of protective clothing and equipment to their correct functions. Write the correct letters in the blanks ___ 6. Protects portions of the firefighter’s face, ears, and neck not covered by helmet or coat ___ 7. Protects against possible fatal injury or entrapment by signaling when a firefighter is motionless for approximately 30 seconds ___ 8. Protect hands and wrists from cuts, wounds, or burn injuries ___ 9. Protects ears from loud noises that cannot be avoided • a. Protective hood b. Gloves • c. Hearing protection d. P.A.S.S.

  29. LIMITATIONS OF PPE • Varies, based on material and construction • General characteristics • Direct flame contact • Chemicals • Comfort

  30. Homework • 10. All helmets in service today should meet the requirements set forth in NFPA ___. • a. 1971 b. 1972 c. 1973 d. 1974 • 11. Which of the following provide secondary eye protection? • a. Goggles b. Faceshields c. Safety glasses d. SCBA masks • 12. Firefighter A says that three-quarter boots are no longer permissible according to NFPA 1500. • Firefighter B says that NFPA requires leather cuffs and reinforced knees on protective trousers.Who is right? • Firefighter A B. Firefighter B C. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B • 13. In which of the following situations is it not necessary to wear safety glasses or goggles? • a. Pre-incident exterior survey b. Structural fire attack • c. Vehicle extrication d. Emergency medical service transport • 14. Of how many layers must all protective coats be made according to NFPA 1971? • a. Two b. Three c. Four d. Five

  31. Homework 15. What is the purpose of the wide brim on a firefighter’s helmet? a. Vent smoke away from the firefighter’s eyes and nose b. Block the sun’s ultraviolet rays c. Protect the firefighter’s ears and neck from hot water and embers d. Protect the firefighter from facial burns 16. Firefighter A says that the month and year of manufacture may be coded on the product label of personal protective equipment. Firefighter B says that the product label on personal protective equipment should include the manufacturer’s identification number or lot number or serial number. Who is right? A. Firefighter A B. Firefighter B C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B 17. Which of the following is not a specification that should be marked on the helmet? A. Date B. Country of manufacture C. Size D. Composition material 18. What head and face protection is preferred for wildland fire fighting? A. Lightweight helmet with goggles B. Structural helmet with goggles C. Structural helmet with faceshield D. Lightweight helmet with faceshield

  32. Homework 19. What underwear should be worn under brush gear? A. 60 percent cotton, including short-sleeved T-shirt, and nylon-blend socks B. 100 percent cotton, including long-sleeved T-shirt, and nylon-blend socks C. 60 percent cotton, including long-sleeved T-shirt, and natural-fiber socks D. 100 percent cotton, including long-sleeved T-shirt, and natural-fiber socks 20. Firefighter A says that earmuffs are the best solution to high noise levels in a structural fire fighting situation. Firefighter B says that earplugs interfere with communications and may melt under intense heat, making them impractical for structural fire fighting. Who is right? A. Firefighter A B. Firefighter B C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B

  33. Homework 21. Which of the following fabrics has a low temperature resistance (can melt or burn during exposure to high temperatures) and should be avoided for station/work uniforms? • A. Polyester B. Wool C. Neoprene D. Cotton 22. What kind of eye protection should firefighters wear for protection from flying particles or chemical splashes? • a. Safety glasses b. Helmet with faceshield 3. Goggles 4. Hood with visor • 23. Firefighter A says that the inner liner of the protective coat should be worn for cold weather fire fighting and removed to lighten the coat and provide more ventilation for warm weather fire fighting. Firefighter B says that regardless of the season or temperature, all protective coats must include three layers: outer shell, moisture barrier, and thermal barrier. Who is right? • a. Firefighter A b. Firefighter B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B

  34. Homework 24. Firefighters who wear prescription safety eyeglasses must select frames and lenses that meet ___. a. OSHA 221.1 b. NFPA 71 c. ANSI Z87.1 d. IFSTA 44.8 25. According to NFPA 1974, to be puncture resistant, the protective boot must contain a stainless steel ___ plate about 0.018 inch (0.46 mm) thick. a. Heel b. Midsole c. Toe d. Full-sole 26. What statement accurately describes eye injuries? a. They are uncommon but almost always reported. b. They are easy to prevent and rarely happen. c. They can be serious, but most are easy to prevent. d. They are almost always debilitating and are difficult to prevent.

  35. Homework • 27. What standard guidelines apply to boots for wildland fire fighting in all areas. • a. Wellington-style safety boots with lug or grip-tread soles, 8 to 10 inches high • b. Lace-up or zip-up safety boots with smooth rubber soles, 10 to 12 inches high • c. Lace-up or zip-up safety boots with lug or grip-tread soles, 8 to 10 inches high • d. Wellington-style safety boots with lug or grip-tread soles, 10 to 12 inches high • 28. How should protective trousers be constructed? • a. With the same number of layers as protective coats plus an abrasion-resistant inner shell • b. With the same number of layers as protective coats • c. With the same number of layers as protective coats but without a moisture barrier • d. With the same number of layers as protective coats but without a thermal barrier • 29. Which component must all helmets have? • a. 3-inch visors • b. Flashlight attachments • c. Velcro® fastener safety straps • d. Ear covers

  36. ACCIDENTS OR INJURIES • Fireground injuries 2-3.10.1 • Trauma (cuts, broken bones, burns) • Heat exhaustion • Chemical exposure • Cardiovascular

  37. ACCIDENTS OR INJURIES • Causes of injuries on fireground • Limited information and knowledge • Underestimating fire potential • Miscalculating structural integrity of the building • Disorder • Confusion • Chaos at the emergency scene • Poor physical condition • Lack of proper training

  38. ACCIDENT OR INJURIES • Responding and returning injuries • Hearing • Falls • Slipping • Being run over by the apparatus • Being thrown from the apparatus

  39. ACCIDENTS OR INJURIES • Causes of responding and returning injuries • Hearing protection not worn when noise is above 90 decibels • Seat belts not worn • Not riding in enclosed area • Attempting to don protective clothing • Not using handrails and steps

  40. ACCIDENTS OR INJURIES • Training 2-3.10.3 • Training injuries • Same as fireground • Physical discomfort or illness • Training injury causes • Not wearing protective equipment • Not having an adequate fitness level • Horseplay • Equipment Failure

  41. ACCIDENTS OR INJURIES • Other on-duty locations • Types • Cuts • Eye injury • Falls and slipping • Causes of other on-duty injuries • Horseplay • Not using safety equipment • Equipment failure

  42. ACCIDENTS OR INJURIES • Non-fire emergencies • Trauma • Chemical exposure • Electrical contact • Blood borne pathogens • Causes for non-fire emergencies • Inappropriate or lack of protective clothing • Poor concentration on task

  43. SAFETY PROCEDURES FOR A SAFE STATION Redesign tasks to eliminate lifting if possible Use proper lifting techniques Be aware of unsafe conditions and seek corrective action Eliminate “horseplay” Request assistance in performing tasks when necessary Strive for physical fitness Be aware of proper disinfecting techniques

  44. CONSQUENCES OF EXPOSOSURE TO PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION Carbon monoxide poisoning Cardiovascular problems

  45. ELEMENTS OF A PERSONNEL ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM • Use • Use permit identification of firefighters working on the scene. If something happens, all can be accounted for. • Components • Means of identifying individual firefighters • Tags • Badges

  46. ELEMENTS OF A PERSONNEL ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM • Components cont. • Specified location of person whose identification is collected and complied • List of who is on the fireground and what he/she is doing • Procedures for personnel to follow when they arrive on the scene, depart the scene, or complete an assignment

  47. ELEMENTS OF A PERSONNEL ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM • Techniques for action when you are trapped or disorientated in a fire or hostile environment • Remain calm • Retrace steps • Activate PASS device • Locate hoseline or safety line • Use radio

  48. Homework • Select facts about firefighter safety. Write the correct letters on the blanks. • _____ 1. Which of the following statements regarding firefighter safety is true? • a. Most firefighter injuries are preventable. • b. Firefighters must resign themselves to occupational injuries and fatalities. • c. Professional firefighters should expect to occasionally take unnecessary risks. • d. Firefighters must maintain their image as heroic and fearless in the face of danger. • _____ 2. The basic concept of NFPA 1500 Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program is to provide ___. • a. The same degree of safety throughout the fire service • b. A maximum national safety standard • c. A standard flexible enough to account for individual status and type of organization • d. A standard that applies only to public fire departments • _____ 3. Which of the following is not a main goal of a good safety program? • a. Prevent human suffering • b. Reduce accidents and exposures • c. Avoid liability suits • d. Prevent damage/loss of equipment • _____ 4. The success of a safety program ___. • a. Begins at the Firefighter I level • b. Is not a top priority for department members who are not regularly on the fireground • c. Can be measured by instructional methods and training budgets • d. Begins at the top of the chain of command

  49. Homework • Select facts about an employee assistance program. Write the correct letters on the blanks. • _____ 5. To whom should an employee assistance program be available? • a. All department members b. All department members and their families • c. Department members who have been referred to the program by their supervisors • d. Any department member on the scene of an injury or fatality incident • _____ 6. Firefighter A says that critical incident stress debriefing should start before firefighters enter a scene that is likely to produce emotional stress. Firefighter B says that firefighters required to work more than one shift under psychologically stressful conditions should go through a minor debriefing at the end of each shift. Who is right? • a. Firefighter A b. Firefighter B c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B • _____ 7. Who should participate in a critical incident stress debriefing? • a. Firefighters only • b. Victims and firefighters only • c. Firefighters and any others who had to deal directly with the victims • d. Firefighters and their families only • _____ 8. Because individuals react to and deal with extreme stress in different ways, participation in critical incident stress debriefing should be ___. • a. Mandatory • b. Optional, at the discretion of the individual firefighter • c. Optional, at the discretion of the individual firefighter and the immediate supervisor • d. Optional, at the discretion of the fire chief

  50. Homework • Select facts about safety on the apparatus. Write the correct letters on the blanks. • _____ 9. What is the most common danger a firefighter faces? • a. Riding the apparatus b. Smoke inhalation c. Burns d. Asphyxiation • _____ 10. Firefighters should wear hearing protection when sirens and noise levels exceed ___ decibels. • a. 85 b. 90 c. 95 d. 100 • _____ 11. Where is the best place for firefighters to ride on the apparatus? • a. In a jump seat with safety bars • b. Standing on the tailboard with a safety tether • c. Seated in a fully enclosed portion of the cab • d. In an open jump seat with a seat belt • _____ 12. When should firefighters use handrails for mounting or dismounting an apparatus? • a. Always • b. Always, except when dismounting an apparatus where an electrical danger is present • c. Always, except when mounting an apparatus where an electrical danger is present • d. Always, except when mounting and dismounting an apparatus where an electrical danger is present

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