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Persian War and the Golden Age of Athens

Explore the Greek city-states' united resistance against Persia in the Persian Wars and how it contributed to the golden age of Athens under the leadership of Pericles. Learn about key battles, including Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis, and their impact on the course of history.

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Persian War and the Golden Age of Athens

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  1. 11/13 Focus • The city-states of Greece united against the Persians during the Persian Wars • The Greek victory in the war and the leadership of Pericles contributed to a golden age in Athens • Do Now: • Identify the type of government that was found in Athens.

  2. Ancient Greece Persian War The Golden Age of Athens

  3. The Persian War • Persia was located in modern day Iran • King Darius I • Ruled Persia from 526-485 BC • Expanded the Persian Empire • Took over the Greek colony in Turkey • Ionia

  4. The Persian War • Causes of the War • Greeks in Ionia rebelled against Persian Rule • Mainland Greek city-states sent help to rebels • The Persians crush the rebellion • Darius launches an invasion of the Greek mainland in order to punish city-states for helping Greek rebels in Turkey

  5. The Persian War • The Battle of Marathon • Large Persian army lands Northeast of Athens • 25,000 Persians vs. 10,000 Greeks • Outnumbered Greeks defeat the Persians • Greek Phalanxes were more disciplined and better armed

  6. The Persian War • Battle of Thermopylae • Xerxes • Son of Darius I • Launches second invasion against Greece • Persians defeat 300 Spartans holding a narrow mountain pass • Spartans led by King Leonidas fight to the death • Story of Spartans bravery inspires other Greeks

  7. The Persian War • Battle of Salamis • Xerxes marches on Athens • Athenians abandon Athens and head out to sea • Athenian navy defeats Persian navy • Persian army stuck in Greece agrees to peace terms a year later

  8. The Persian War • Effects of the war • Greek victory ends Persian threat • Sparta and Athens become most influential city-states in Greece • Athens forms Delian League • Sparta forms Peloponnesian league • Athens enters a golden age

  9. Golden Age of Athens • Pericles • leader during Athenian golden age • Led from 461-429 BC • Athens becomes center of Greek culture and power

  10. Golden Age of Athens • Pericles encouraged the spread of democracy • Expand participation in government • Rebuilt Athens • Arts, architecture, and philosophy flourish

  11. Closure • Identify one effect of the Greek victory in the Persian War. • Who led Athens during its golden age?

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