1 / 20

Islam

Islam. History and Practices. Middle East around 600CE. Caravan trade & sea routes connected Saudi Arabia to both Africa and Asia Trade centers were diverse, ethnically and religiously tolerant Arab traders had been exposed to both Judaism and Christianity. Founding date. 622 CE

havily
Download Presentation

Islam

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Islam History and Practices

  2. Middle East around 600CE • Caravan trade & sea routes connected Saudi Arabia to both Africa and Asia • Trade centers were diverse, ethnically and religiously tolerant • Arab traders had been exposed to both Judaism and Christianity

  3. Founding date • 622 CE • Merchant named Muhammad in Saudi Arabia • Received revelations from G-d through angel Gabriel • Arabic for G-d = Allah

  4. Youngest monotheistic faith • Abrahamic faith • Muslims trace their ancestry to Abraham the founder of Judaism and Christianity • Allah is the same G-d as the Jews and Christians • Jews and Christians are known as “People of the Book” • Tolerance is explicitly taught through the Shari’a

  5. Specific Beliefs • Qur’an is the holy book of Islam • The book is sacred as it is the word of Allah • Similar to the Torah • Qur’an perfects earlier revelations of the Bible (Hebrew and Christian) • Muhammad is not the son of G-d … the Messenger, last prophet

  6. Islam means… • Submission to the will of Allah • A Muslim is someone who has submitted to the will of Allah

  7. The Five Pillars • Faith • Prayer • Alms/Charity • Fasting • Pilgrimage

  8. Faith • “There is no G-d but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah” • Repeated throughout all rituals and prayers

  9. Prayer • 5 times a day…every day • Face toward Mecca • Often at a mosque • Or wherever you may be… • Prayer rug, clean before prayers • In history, often much cleaner than other cultures

  10. Alms/Charity • Giving to the poor/needy is an obligation and duty • More you have the more you should give • Giving does not ensure a place in heaven

  11. Fasting • Holy month of Ramadan • Based on Lunar Calendar • Happening right now! • Do not eat from sunrise to sunset • If a child or sick…you are exempt

  12. Pilgrimage • Hajj • Holy journey to Mecca • At least once in your life or as many times as you can afford • White is worn as a sign of taking the Hajj

  13. Mosque design • Domes • 4 pillars called minarets • Inside has rugs, no benches • Kneel to pray on prayer rugs • Famous ones? Hagia Sophia, Blue Mosque, Dome of the Rock

  14. Dietary rules+ • No pork • No alcohol • No recreational drugs • Friday is the day of worship

  15. Customs • No gambling, no debt • No images used…only calligraphy • To veil or not to veil… • More than one wife? • Not typical. The Qur’an allows up to 4 if you can afford to treat each equally. • Other cultures had this practice too for reasons of survival

  16. Spread to Africa • Cultural diffusion through caravan trade across the Savanna • Mansa Musa of Mali (1300CE) converts and brings Islam to West Africa • 90% of West Africa a mix of Islam and Animism

  17. Misunderstandings in the West • Not one branch…there are a number (Sunni, Shi’a, Sufi) • Jihad does not mean “holy war” • It means to strive for a better way of life or fighting to defend one's life, land, and religion • Not only in peace but also in war Islam prohibits: terrorism, kidnapping, and hijacking, when carried against civilians

  18. During wars, Islam prohibits Muslim soldiers from harming civilians, women, children, elderly • It also prohibits cutting down trees and destroying civilian constructions • Terrorists are extremists. All religious groups have them. Of all believers, they are a small minority

  19. Quotes from the Qur’an • “Repel evil with good. Then, where there was hatred between you, there will be friendship.” • "There is no compulsion in religion" • “All people are a single nation.” • “A man's true wealth here after is the good he does in this world to his fellow man.”

More Related