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Introduction to Animals

Introduction to Animals. Chapter 34. What makes an animal an animal?. Multicellular Heterotrophy Sexual reproduction & development Movement. Body Symmetry. Radial symmetry- a body plan in which the parts are organized in circle around an axis. Body Symmetry.

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Introduction to Animals

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  1. Introduction to Animals Chapter 34

  2. What makes ananimal an animal? • Multicellular • Heterotrophy • Sexual reproduction & development • Movement

  3. Body Symmetry • Radial symmetry- a body plan in which the parts are organized in circle around an axis.

  4. Body Symmetry • Bilateral symmetry- two similar halves on either side of a central plane

  5. Body Symmetry • Asymmetry- no organization

  6. Body Cavity • Body cavity- fluid filled space that forms between the digestive tract and the outer wall of the body. • Aids in movement and acts as a reservoir and medium of transport for nutrients and wastes.

  7. Animal Kingdom Invertebrates Vertebrates Animals 
with a Backbone 
or Spinal Column:
(All these animals are in the phyla Chordata and the subphyla Vertebrata.) • Animals 
without a Backbone
or Spinal Column

  8. Vertebrates • Vertebrates are a subphylum of chordates. • Chordates comes from notochord which is a firm, flexible rod of tissue located in the dorsal part of the body. • In vertebrates the notochord develops into a brain and spinal cord.

  9. Invertebrates • Most invertebrates have bilateral symmetry which is an adaptation to a more motile lifestyle. • It allows for cephalization. • Radial symmetry are not very motile and drift along, allows for more access to food sources.

  10. Cell to Embryo Cleavage- the series of cell divisions that occurs immediately following fertilization  Blastula- dividing cells become a hollow ball Gastrulation- transforms the blastula into a multilaytered embryo called the gastrula

  11. Germ Layers • Ectoderm- outer layer of the gastrula • Forms the outer layer of skin, hair, nails and the nervous system • Mesoderm- middle layer • Forms the skeleton, muscles, inner layer of skin, circulatory system and the lining of the body cavity • Endoderm- inner layer • Forms the urinary and reproductive systems, and the digestive tract; pancreas, liver, lungs and gills

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