BRIDGES: CONNECTING HUMANS THROUGH THE AGES

1. BRIDGES: CONNECTING HUMANS THROUGH THE AGES DariaPrikhodko 627 gr.

2. TYPES OF BRIDGES • BEAM BRIDGE • CANTILEVER BRIDGE • ARCH BRIDGE • SUSPENSION BRIDGE • CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE • MOVABLE BRIDGE • DOUBLE-DECKED BRIDGE

3. BEAM BRIDGE • A beam or "girder" bridge is the simplest kind of bridge

4. Under load, the beam's top surface is pushed down or compressed while the bottom edge is stretched or placed under tension

5. A wooden-decked beam bridge on stone abutments. 38th Street Bridge

6. Feiyunjiang Bridge

7. CANTILEVER BRIDGE • Cantilever bridges are built using cantilevers—horizontal beams that are supported on only one end.

8. Huge pillars take up the compression which are held up by the narrow top members. Attached to these are the complicated struts and cross bracing which withstand the forces causing buckling and twisting

9. Howrah Bridge at night Forthrail bridge Pierre Pflimlin Bridge

10. Quebec Bridge Construction 1917

11. ARCH BRIDGE • Arch bridges are one of the oldest types of bridges and have been around for thousands of years

12. The load at the top of the key stone makes each stone on the arch of the bridge press on the one next to it. This happens until the push is applied to the end supports or abutments, which are embedded in the ground

13. The ground around the abutments is squeezed and pushes back on the abutments

14. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. The ground which pushes back on the abutments creates a resistance which is passed from stone to stone, until it is eventually pushing on the key stone which is supporting the load

15. Ponte Vecchio Acueducto Segovia Pont du gard

16. Pont du Diable Gaoliang Bridge Cold Spring Arch bridge

17. Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Crossing Dubai 2012

18. SUSPENSION BRIDGE • Suspension bridges in their simplest form were originally made of rope and wood. • Modern suspension bridges use a box section roadway supported by high tensile strength cables

19. Cables are capable of withstanding tension but offer no resistance to compression

20. Bosphorus Bridge Akashi Kaikyō Bridge Great Belt Bridge

21. Bosphorus Bridge panorama

22. CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE • A cable-stayed bridge is a bridge that consists of one or more columns, with cables supporting the bridge deck

23. Bandra–Worli Sea Link Ponte Estaiada JuscelinoKubitschek bridge

24. MOVABLE BRIDGES • Movable bridges are designed to move out of the way of boats or other kinds of traffic, which would otherwise be too tall to fit. These are generally electrically powered

25. Drawbridge - thebridgedeckishingedononeend • Tiltbridge - thebridgedeck, whichiscurvedandpivotedateachend, isliftedupatanangle • Curlingbridge - a drawbridgewithmultiplesectionsthatcurlvertically

26. Basculebridge - a drawbridgehingedonpinswith a counterweighttofacilitateraising • Foldingbridge - a drawbridgewithmultiplesectionsthatcollapsetogetherhorizontally • Rollingbasculebridge - anunhingeddrawbridgewhichisliftedbytherollingof a largegearsegmentalong a horizontalrack

27. Submersiblebridge - alsocalled a duckingbridge, thebridgedeckislowereddownintothewater • Swingbridge - thebridgedeckrotatesaround a fixedpoint, usuallyatthecenter, butmayresemble a gateinitsoperation • Tablebridge - a liftbridgewiththeliftingmechanismmountedunderneathit

28. Retractablebridge (Thrustbridge) - thebridgedeckisretractedtooneside • Transporterbridge - a structurehighabovecarries a suspended, ferry-likestructure • Liftbridge - thebridgedeckisliftedupbycounterweightedcablesmountedontowers

29. Government Bridge

30. PaddingtonBasin Bridge Bridge over the river grim

31. Double-decked bridge • A double-decker is a vehicle that has two levels for passengers or cargo, one deck above the other

32. Oberbaum bridge Amur Bridge

34. THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION