COLD WAR

1. COLD WAR

2. INTRODUCTION Conflict between United States of America and the USSR. • United States President Ronald Reagan (left) and Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev meet in 1985 at Geneva, Switzerland • The Cold War was so named as it never featured direct military action, since both sides possessed nuclear weapons, and because their use would probably guarantee their mutual assured destruction.

4. ORIGINS • At the end of World War II, George Orwell used cold war, as a general term, in his essay “You and the Atomic Bomb”, published October 19, 1945, in the British newspaper Tribune. • GEORGE ORWELL • The first use of the term to describe the post–World War II geopolitical tensions between the USSR and its satellites and the United States and its western European allies is attributed to Bernard Baruch, an American financier and presidential advisor.

5. BACKGROUNDS There is disagreement among historians regarding the starting point of the Cold War. While most historians trace its origins to the period immediately following World War II, others argue that it began towards the end of World War I, although tensions between the Russian Empire, other European countries and the United States date back to the middle of the 19th century.

6. END OF USSR

7. INTRODUCTION The cold war ended by the collapse of one of his contenders. The reform process initiated by Gorbachev in 1985 precipitated a dynamic finished sweeping away the very existence of the state founded by Lenin.

8. 1989 Made ​​clear their intention to sever ties to a state that had joined the Covenant as victims Molotov and Ribbentrop signed in 1939.

9. 1990 Lithuania declares independence immediately, set a precedent for other republics that made up the USSR.

10. 1991 The majority of citizens voted for independence. Boris Yeltsin, Leonid Kravchuk and StanislavShushkevich agreed that the three Slavicrepublics left the USSR and formed a so-called Confederation of Independent States.

11. 1991(2) Gorbachev resigned as Soviet President on December 25, 1991. Russia took over from the USSR in the international scene:- Embassies- The permanent seat on the Security Councilthe Soviet nuclear arms control ...

12. 1991(3) But the bipolar world of the Cold War had come to an end. Announced by President Bush early 1991, birth of a "new world order."

13. SECOND WORLD WAR

14. INTRODUCTION The Second World War ,was a global war that was under way by 1939 and ended in 1945. It involved avast majority of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. Hitler's obstinacy and fanaticism and faith in the Führer of his supporters, dedicated the rest of the world into a human catastrophe

15. WHO FIGHT? Begun on 1º september1939 Because Germany invaded Poland Germany Germany vs vs Japan Japan Italy Italy

16. CHARACTERISTICS Date: 1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945(6 years, 1 day) Location: Europe, Pacific, Atlantic, South-East Asia, China, Middle East, Mediterranean and Africa, briefly North America Results: Allied victory Dissolution of the Third Reich Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers Beginning of the Cold War.

17. ALLIES AND AXIS The Allies were the countries that opposed the Axis powers, they became involved in World War II because they had already been invaded, were directly threatened with invasion by the Axis or because they were concerned that the Axis powers would come to control the world. TheAxis powers, wasthealignment of nationsthatfought in theSecondWorldWaragainsttheAlliedforces.

18. AXIS ALLIES

19. AFTER THE END The final battles of the European Theatreof World war II as well as the German surrender to the Western Allies and the Soviet Union took place in late April and early May 1945.