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Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Protista. Most diverse of all the Kingdoms. Kingdom Protista- Basic Characteristics. Eukaryote: cells with nucleus (organelles) Unicellular or Multicellular Autotrophs or heterotrophs Variation in movement Contain both plant and animal characteristics

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Kingdom Protista

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  1. Kingdom Protista Most diverse of all the Kingdoms

  2. Kingdom Protista- Basic Characteristics • Eukaryote: cells with nucleus (organelles) • Unicellular or Multicellular • Autotrophs or heterotrophs • Variation in movement • Contain both plant and animal characteristics • Asexual reproduction (fission) in all, some have types of sexual reproduction

  3. Classifying Protists • Some scientists classify protists by their methods of obtaining nutrition. • Animal-like protists (PROTOZOANS) • Classified based on method of movement • Plantlike protists (ALGAE) • Classified based on color pigment • Funguslike protists • Classified based on method of reproduction

  4. The Protozoans (Animal-like) • Phylum Ciliophora (Paramecium) • Have cilia for movement • Pellicle for support • Macronucleus • Micronucleus- used for reproduction • Contractile vacuole- get rid of excess water • Oral groove: where the food enters cell • Gullet: forms the food vacuoles • Food vacuoles: store food • Anal pore: removes wastes • Trichocysts: used for protection (self defense) • Cytoplasm

  5. Paramecium

  6. Paramecium Characteristics • Cilia beat rapidly- move very fast (wave like motion) • Food getting • Cilia pull food into the oral groove • Gullet encloses food in a food vacuole • Reproduction • Asexual (fission) • Sexual (conjugation) • Exchange of genetic material

  7. The Protozoans (Animal-like) • Phylum Rhizopoda (Amoeba) • Cell Membrane • Nucleus • Contractile vacuole: expels excess water • Ectoplasm: clear outer cytoplasm • Endoplasm: dense inner cytoplasm • Pseudopod: (false feet) how they move & obtain food • Food vacuole: stores & digests food

  8. Amoeba Characteristics • Movement: gel-sol reaction (move very slow) • Food getting: phagocytosis (engulfs food) • Pseudopods trap food and form a vacuole • Enzymes digest food • Reprodution: asexual (fission)

  9. The Protozoans (Animal-like) • Phylum Sporozoa (plasmodium) • All are parasites • Cause malaria • Phylum Zoomatigina • Zooflagellates • Cause disease transferred by insects

  10. Algae (Plant-like Protists) • Phylum Bacillariophyta (Diatoms) • Diatomaceous earth: used for toothpaste and insecticides

  11. Algae (Plant-like Protists) • Phylum Euglenophyta (Euglena) • Flagella used for movement • Eyespot: used to detect light • Contractile vacuole: expels excess water • Chloroplasts: makes food • Nucleus: controls the cell • Pellicle: helps keep the shape

  12. Euglena Characteristics • Movement: twirling of flagella pulls euglena through water • Movement is slow • Food getting: autotrophic & heterotrophic • Uses eye spot to get to light • Can absorb food across cell membrane • Reproduction • Asexual (fission)

  13. Fungus-like Protists • Absorb nutrients from decaying organic material (heterotrophic) • Include slime molds

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