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The Progressive Movement Chapter 13 Petterson

The Progressive Movement Chapter 13 Petterson. Progressivism is…. A non-specific movement in reaction to industrialization that promoted a variety of social and political reform. The Roots of Progressivism. Municipal Reforms (City)

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The Progressive Movement Chapter 13 Petterson

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  1. The Progressive Movement Chapter 13 Petterson

  2. Progressivism is… • A non-specific movement in reaction to industrialization that promoted a variety of social and political reform.

  3. The Roots of Progressivism Municipal Reforms(City) 1. Reform of City Governments with Home Rule = Less state involvement/corruption. 2. Reform of Civil Service System = Appointments made by merit instead of favors 3. New forms of City Government = *Emergency Commission (Rebuild City) TX. *Council-Manager Gov’t = Elects City Council which set laws & runs city services 4. Reform of City Utilities = City control or ownership of utilities. 5. Reform of City Supported Welfare Services = Public baths, parks, playgrounds, etc.

  4. State Reforms 1. More power to Voters = Direct Primary (Voters select their party candidate) • 17th Amendment (U.S. senators elected by popular vote) • Initiative(Voters can put bill before the Legislature) • Referendum (Voters can vote on bills directly) • Recall(Voters can remove elected officials from office) 2. Reforms in the Workplace • Labor departments (provide information and dispute-resolution services) • Workers’ accident insurance & compensation systems. • Eventually abolished child labor, & established minimum wage

  5. MUCKRAKERS – JOURNALISTS RAKING UP SOCIEY’S “MUCK”. • "Now, it is very necessary that we should not flinch from seeing what is vile and debasing. There is filth on the floor, and it must be scraped up with the muck rake; and there are times and places where this service is the most needed of all the services that can be performed. But the man who never does anything else, who never thinks or speaks or writes, save of his feats with the muck rake, speedily becomes, not a help but one of the most potent forces for evil.... The effort to make financial or political profit out of the destruction of character can only result in calamity.“ -Teddy Roosevelt

  6. Jacob Riis American, 1849-1914 A Danish-American muckraker journalist, photographer, and social reformer, was born in Ribe, Denmark. He is known for his dedication to using his photographic and journalistic talents to help the less fortunate in New York City, which was the subject of most of his prolific writings and photographic essays. As one of the first photographers to use flash phototography, he is considered a pioneer in the field of photography. http://www.masters-of-photography.com

  7. Federal Reforms • 1. Sherman Antitrust Act = Outlawed monopolies and price fixing • 2. National Reclamation Act = Plan and develop irrigation projects • 3. U.S. Forest Service = Manage nation’s water & timber resources • 4. Hepburn Act =Interstate Commerce Commission regulate railroad rates • 5. Pure Food & Drug Act = Banned interstate shipping of impure food/mislabeling

  8. Federal Reforms Continued • 6. Meat Inspection Act = Federal inspection of meat processing • 7. Department of Labor = Promote welfare & employment of working people • 8. 16th Amend. = Congress can levy an income tax • 9. 17th Amend. = Direct election of senators • 10. Federal Reserve Act = Gov’t banks supervise private banks & provide money, control interest rates.

  9. Federal Reforms Cont. • 11. 18th Amend. = Prohibited the manufacture and sale of liquor • 12. 19th Amend. = Women have the right to vote • 13. Women’s Bureau = Improve the status of working women

  10. Susan B Anthony

  11. Presidents: Taft and Wilson Section 3: Taft’s Presidency 1. Payne-Aldrich Tariff = Reduced tariffs 2. Ballinger-Pinchot Affair (p.436) - Richard A. Ballinger, Secretary of the Interior, sides with business interests that sought unrestricted development of federal lands - Gifford Pinchot, Head of the U.S. Forest Service, accused Ballinger of corruption. - He is fired for insubordination. 3. Supported Children’s Bureau 4. Supported 16 &17 Amendments 5. Mann-Elkins Act of 1910 = gave Interstate Commerce Commission the power to regulate telephone & telegraph rates

  12. Section 4:Election of 1912 • Woodrow Wilson (Democrat) • William H. Taft (Republican) • Theodore Roosevelt (Progressive) *Roosevelt creates the Bull Moose Party and splits the Republican vote, giving election to Wilson

  13. Wilson’s Policies 1. Underwood Tariff Act of 1913 = reduced average tariff rates from 40% to 25%. Income Tax also introduced. 2. Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 = spelled out specific activities that big business could not do. Example = price cutting, rebates, & holding companies 3. Federal Trade Commission = enforce Clayton Act & set up fair-trade laws 4. Federal Reserve System = divided the country into 12 districts, each with a Federal Reserve Bank owned by its member banks. (helped to prevent bank failures) 5. Nominated progressive lawyer Louis D. Brandeis (served until 1939) *High water mark of the Progressive Era Progressive era did little to help tenant/migrant farmers, women, & African Americans

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