Winning the World War

1. Winning the World War Completion of Chapter 14 Info from Sections III-V

2. The Eastern Front & Defeat of Russia • German victories push slowly into Russia. • Battle of Tannenburg was worse loss for Russian army in WWI and forced them into retreat. • Widespread hunger, strikes, and desertion in the army forced Czar Nicholas II to abdicate. • Lenin returned from exile and he and Trotsky organized a successful coup in December, 1917. • In December, Lenin signed an armistice with Germany. • In March, 1918, Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk yielding the Baltic States, Poland and the Ukraine to Germany

3. Effects of War on Russia • 33% of all men conscripted, drafted, were killed. • By 1915: 3,400,000 men were dead, captured, or wounded. • Troops increasingly disillusioned by military leadership of Tsar and generals.

4. Fighting a TOTAL WAR • The use of all of a nations resources to fund and support the war. • RECRUITMENT • CONSCRIPTION • RATIONS • $$ TAXES & LOANS

7. Canadian War Poster

8. PROPAGANDA POSTERS • Both sides used propaganda to promote their own cause and damage the others.

9. STOP THE HUNS Allies played up the atrocities, or horrible acts, the Germans inflicted in Belgium.

10. Womenand theWarEffort

11. Financing the War

12. For Recruitment

13. Munitions Workers

14. French Women Factory Workers

15. German Women Factory Workers

16. Working in the Fields

17. A Woman Ambulance Driver

18. Red Cross Nurses

19. Women in the Army Auxiliary

20. Russian Women Soldiers

21. America Joinsthe Allies

22. The Sinking of the Lusitania, May 1915 128 Americans on board! Germany used unrestricted submarine warfare, attacking merchant and passanger ships they felt were transporting supplies.

23. The Zimmerman Telegram, 1917 • British intercepted this from Germ. Foreign minister Arthur Zimmerman. • This proposal increased anti-German feelings within U.S.A.

24. The YanksAre Coming! April 1917, U.S. declares war to “make the world safe for democracy.”

25. U.S. War Posters

26. American Recruiting Posters

27. Over there, over there,Send the word, send the word over there--That the Yanks are coming,The Yanks are coming,The drums rum-tummingEv'rywhere.So prepare, say a pray'r,Send the word, send the word to beware.We'll be over, we're coming over,And we won't come back till it's overOver there. Johnnie, get your gun,Get your gun, get your gun,Take it on the run,On the run, on the run.Hear them calling, you and me,Every son of liberty.Hurry right away,No delay, go today,Make your daddy gladTo have had such a lad.Tell your sweetheart not to pine,To be proud her boy's in line.

28. Americans in the Trenches

29. Impact of the “Doughboys” • By April,1918, German U-Boats were brought under control. • Fresh troops and supplies gave the Allies the edge. • Stopped the German army’s last big advance to the western front on June 1, 1918 turning the tide of the war and saving Paris.

30. 1918 Flu Pandemic,spread of disease across a country, continent or world: Depletes All Armies 50,000,000 – 100,000,000 died

31. 11th Day of the 11th Month @ 11 A.M. 1918The War Ended. The Armistice is Signed!

32. The Legacy of War Cities, homes, farms, and the infrastructure of war zone countries were destroyed. Will take major $$ to rebuild!

33. 8,500,000Dead

34. The Somme American Cemetery, France 116,516 Americans Died

35. World War I Casualties

36. The War Created Many Orphans

37. French wounded in a bombed out church

38. Russian Prisoners of War

39. Germany: Kaiser William II abdicates! A-H: Nationalism among small ethnic groups brings down the Hapsburg rule. Russia: Revolution forces Czars out! Ottoman Empire: Lost territory and control ends reign of dominance in middle east. Political Effects: Governments collapsed

40. Treaty of Versailles • Peace conference opened in Paris in January 1919. • Wanted a deal quick to stop Communism. The Big Four: David Lloyd George: Britain Vittorio Orlando: Italy Georges Clemenceau: France Woodrow Wilson: United States Who’s missing?

41. Germany forced to sign. “Cheated not defeated.”

42. Treaty of Versailles • Wilson’s “Fourteen Points” and his goal of “peace without victors” came into conflict with the desire for revenge on the part of the allied powers. • France wanted to punish Germany and keep them weak! • Britain wanted reparations, payments for war damages. • Italy wanted territory. • Many other countries wanted national states of their own. • Germany forced to accept guilt for the war and to pay huge reparations to the allies. • Only Wilson’s 14th point was adopted – that of a League of Nations based on the idea of collective security. (nations would act as one to preserve peace.)

43. Treaty of Versailles: Territory France gained Alsace-Lorraine A Demilitarized zone was created in Rhineland The Empires of the East are gone. France and England took over German possessions in Africa. Japan gained German colonial possessions in the Pacific. New nations find there way onto the European Map. Can you name them?

44. In Flanders Fields

45. In Flanders fields the poppies blowBetween the crosses, row on row,That mark our place; and in the skyThe larks, still bravely singing, flyScarce heard amid the guns below.We are the Dead. Short days agoWe lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,Loved, and were loved, and now we lieIn Flanders fields.Take up our quarrel with the foe:To you from failing hands we throwThe torch; be yours to hold it high.If ye break faith with us who dieWe shall not sleep, though poppies grow in Flanders fields.