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Immune System

Immune System. By Katie Ust. Function. Protect the body from foreign invaders Fight pathogens and disease. Major Organs. Bone Marrow. Thymus Gland. Produces mature T cells Releases T cells into the blood stream. Forms all cells of the immune system

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Immune System

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  1. Immune System By Katie Ust

  2. Function • Protect the body from foreign invaders • Fight pathogens and disease

  3. Major Organs Bone Marrow Thymus Gland Produces mature T cells Releases T cells into the blood stream • Forms all cells of the immune system • Produces B cells, natural killer cells, and immature thymocytes • Produces red blood cells and platelets.

  4. (Cont.) Spleen Lymph Nodes Filters out antigens Filters interstitial fluid present between cells • Acts as a filter • Traps foreign materials and antigens from the bloodstream • Produces antibodies

  5. Pathogen Recognition • Recognizes pathogens by barriers: physical and mechanical • Barriers include skin, coughing, and sneezing

  6. Antibodies and Antigens Antibodies Antigens Greatly weakened disease causing organism • Specific substances the body manufactures to combat specific diseases

  7. Immunity Innate Acquired Creates a memory after initial response to a specific pathogen Leads to enhanced response later Example: vaccines • Immediate, non specific response by the body • Does not create lasting immunity • Examples: skin, mucous, cytokines

  8. Immunity Active Passive Provide immediate protection No memory of pathogen after Transfer of antibodies • B and T cells activated by pathogen • Memory B and T cells recognize pathogen and develop specific response • Vaccines

  9. Immunity Humoral Cell-Mediated Activates macrophages, natural killer cells, T-lymphocytes Directed at microbes that survive in phagocytes Defend against fungi, protozoans, cancer • B lymphocytes produce plasma cells which secrete antibodies to fight disease

  10. B vs. T Lymphocytes B lymphocytes T lymphocytes cell-mediated Produce cytokines or toxic granules that kill pathogen infection in cell • Humoral immunity • Produce antibodies

  11. Antibiotics • Kill bacteria by blocking pathways and inhibiting cell wall formation and protein synthesis • Cannot kill virus’ because they are living organisms.

  12. Allergies • Result from system over-reaction to nonthreatening foreign substances • Cause breathing problems, nausea, swelling, hives, among other problems • Medications such as antihistamine medication can be used to treat allergies

  13. HIV/AIDS • Caused by transmission of bodily fluid from one to another. Often sexually transmitted • Weakens the immune system, making victims very susceptible to disease or infection • Over 33 million people infected worldwide • There is no cure for HIV/AIDS but antiretroviral medication is often used

  14. Sources • Buzzle.com/articles/organs-of-the-immune-system.html • Wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunity_(medical)

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