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Exploring Plot and Characterization in Literature

Learn about plot elements like exposition, climax, and resolution, and how authors use characterization to develop their characters in stories.

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Exploring Plot and Characterization in Literature

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  1. Plot (Stories Are Lame Without It)

  2. What is plot? (Write this question on the left-hand side of your Cornell Notes)

  3. What is plot? • a chain (series) of related events that create a story

  4. What is the plot chart ? falling actions climax exposition resolution rising actions

  5. What is exposition? (Write this question on the left-hand side of your Cornell Notes)

  6. What is exposition? • the beginning of the story • when the readers meet and find out: • the characters • the main conflict (problem) • the setting (time and place)

  7. What are rising actions? • Events that build up conflict and lead up to the climax • Problems that the characters try to solve but can’t

  8. What is climax? • Official Definition: • The turning point • Begins to show how the conflict will be resolved • Can be the most suspenseful part of the story

  9. What are falling actions? • Events that happen after the climax and lead up to the resolution of the story

  10. What is resolution? • Official Definition: • When the reader finds out what happens to the characters at the end • When the story is “wrapped up”

  11. What is foreshadowing? • Official Definition: • Clues or hints about what will happen next in the story

  12. Find the foreshadowing • “ Things gotta get better, I figured. They couldn’t get worse. I was wrong.” Ponyboy p. 52

  13. What is the context of this statement? • Work with your table group to answer the question: • How might this be foreshadowing? • Write your idea on your white boards. • After I ok your answer, write it in your notes.

  14. What is characterization? • The methods a writer uses to make his/her characters seem real.

  15. Johnny: What is revealed? • “And Johnny, who was the most law-abiding of us, now carried in his back pocket a six-inch switchblade. He’d use it, too, if he ever got jumped again. They scared him that much. He would kill the next person who jumped him. Nobody was ever going to beat him like that again. Not over his dead body . . .” P. 34

  16. There’s more than meets the eye! • Look at these next few slides and consider not just what group or event the images stand for. Also think about what values or ideas they may represent as well. Think big!

  17. Dig a little deeper: If someone is wearing this watch as a symbol, what idea do you think they are trying to convey to the people they meet?

  18. What is a symbol? • an action, object, event etc., that expresses or represents a particular idea or quality

  19. Sneaky Symbols • As a class read the section, starting on page 39, about Soda’s horse, Mickey Mouse. • What might Mickey Mouse represent?

  20. CHAPTER LOGS! • What are some deeper meanings you can make about this part of your book? • What this means to me is . . . • What I think this represents I . . . • The idea I’m getting is . . . You may work on Ch.5, Ch. 6 or both. • OR you may summarize the chapter in 5 sentences.

  21. What is theme? • the main subject that is being discussed or described in a piece of literature • The message the author is trying to tell his/her audience

  22. Try to predict themes • What might have been a theme in The Giving tree? • Topics (1-2 words) in the giving tree: • Friendship, sharing, caring, happiness, taking • What is the message about those topics? • Giving is an essential part of friendship • The reader should care about others and what they need without being mean or upset about it. • Happiness is a crucial part of friendship. • “It is better to give than to receive.”

  23. Shell Silverstein explores the theme of/that _____________________ in his book The Giving Tree. He presents the theme by/through_____________________.

  24. Bring it Outside • Topics in The Outsiders • Aggression • Fear/Anger/Worry • Differences between social classes • Caring for family • Even if the Greasers are poor they’re still happy. • Protection • Violence • Rivalries • Caring for people to save them • Friendship • Bravery • Pride in self

  25. Pitch Your Theme! • Before you may begin working on the next project, you must submit a proposal for a theme. • Work in your table group to decide on a theme you see in The Outsiders. Provide evidence in bullet points to support your inference. • Theme must be ok’d by me before you continue on to the next portion of the project. • This may be done on a scratch sheet of paper.

  26. Poster Project • Identify and choose a theme from The Outsiders (make sure it is ok’d by me before continuing). • Write your theme in a complete sentence: In her book, The Outsiders, S.E. Hinton explores the theme_____ . . . • Find a quotethat represents/exemplifies the theme. (CITE) • Explainin 3-4 complete sentences the meaning and importance of your theme. Make sure you answer: how the theme is in the book, why it is important and useful for us as readers and the world. • Drawa picture that represents your theme • Picka character that shows the theme.

  27. Character Collage • Timeline – In the form of a plot chart, create a timeline of significant events for your character. • 1. Choose a character • 2. Exposition: Fill in background information of character • 3. Rising Action: Choose 3-4 important events that affect your character • 4. Falling Action: Describe how your character is after the rumble • 5. Resolution: Are there any long lasting effects on your character? • Write 2 tweets – No more than 18 words. Include at least 2 hashtags.

  28. Dear Diary . . . • Put yourself in the shoes of your character • What do they care about? • How do they react to situations? • What kind of language do they use? • What is their personality like? • Write 1-2 Paragraphs in which your character talks about one of the events from your “Rising Actions” list • Language appropriate for your character • Detail one of the events from your “Rising Actions” and tell it from their point of view • Reflect their personality

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