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BELLRINGER:

Learn about the origins of Judaism and the history of the Hebrews, from their origins in Canaan to their journey to Egypt, the rise of Moses, and the covenant with God. Discover the importance of monotheism and the Ten Commandments in shaping the Jewish religion.

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BELLRINGER:

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  1. BELLRINGER: • Update your ToC: • Page 25: Notes – Hebrews and Judaism • Page 26: TedTalk Questions – David and Goliath • Page 27: Article – Judaism and the Exodus • Page 28: Prince of Egypt Film Analysis WS • Write down your HW: • Read the Exodus article to prepare for our film viewing next class and fill in the “pre-movie article” column on the film analysis worksheet.

  2. AGENDA: • Bellringer • Test Debriefing • Notes: The Hebrews and Judaism • Quizizz Review • Pre-Movie Articles

  3. The Hebrews and Judaism

  4. The Origins of Judaism • The area of Palestine (Canaan) was the ancient home of the Hebrews. • It was a “crossroad to the ancient world” • According to the Bible, Canaan = land God had promised to the Hebrews. • Includes modern-day Palestine/Israel

  5. Origins of Judaism (cont’d) • Judaism is first religion to do away with many gods • The Hebrew people believed in only one god, called Yahweh. • Means Hebrews were monotheistic, as they believed in only one god. • The first monotheistic religion in history

  6. The Story of the HebrewsSo how does the monotheistic Jewish religion emerge? • Around 1800 BCE, there is a man named Abraham • He lived in Sumer, in Ur (a city-state). • Abraham says no to polytheism • Rejected polytheism practiced by the Sumerians • Abraham believed in only one god which he called Yahweh.

  7. The Story of the Hebrews (cont’d): • Abraham made an agreement (covenant) with Yahweh: • Abraham = agrees to obey Yahweh • Yahweh = will protect the Jewish people (Abraham and his descendants) • Abraham = “father” of the Hebrew people. • Yahweh commanded Abraham to move his family • From Ur  Canaan. • Fun fact: Canaan means “promise land”. • Canaan is in modern-day Palestine.

  8. Geography

  9. Hebrews Leaving Canaan • 1650 B.C.: Hebrew people are forced to leave Canaan b/c of famine and drought • Where do they go? • Go west to Egypt, where they were welcomed as neighbors  • Eventually this friendship turns sour = Egyptians enslaved Hebrews

  10. The Rise of Moses • Who is Moses? • Adopted member of the Egyptian royal family (found by an Egyptian princess as baby) • Raised unaware of Hebrew heritage = IMPORTANT! • Once he learned of who he really was, he fought Egyptian leaders for release of Hebrews • Happens after pharaoh orders all male Hebrew babies be killed • Frees Hebrews from their enslavement  Exodus

  11. The Exodus • Hebrews fled Egypt (the Exodus) and head back to the Promised Land • Remembered during Passover

  12. A New Covenant • Moses spoke with God at the top of Mt. Sinai. • Moses came back from Mt. Sinai  brought 10 Commandments • Became the basis for civil and religious laws of Judaism • Hebrews believe the 10 Commandments formed a new covenant with God • Ten Commandments

  13. The Torah • First 5 books of the Hebrew Bible (part of the Old Testament in the Christian faith) • Becomes the holy text of Judaism

  14. Wandering Days and Arrival in Canaan • Post-Exodus: The Jews wandered for 40 years in the Sinai Desert. • After Moses dies, Hebrews returned to Canaan, where they fight over land. • Who do they fight? • First the Philistines over land • Eventually fight each other • Only the beginning of conflict the Jews will find themselves involved in regarding their homeland in the Middle East

  15. Kingdoms Established: • From 1020-922 B.C. the Hebrews united under 3 Kings: Saul, David, and Solomon. • New Kingdom was Israel

  16. 1. Saul • Drove out the Philistines from the central hills of ancient Palestine

  17. 2. David • David united the tribes and established Jerusalem as the capital • Legend of David and Goliath

  18. 3. Solomon • Solomon beautified Jerusalem. • Built great temple to house the Ark of the Covenant • Contained the tablets of Moses' law • After Solomon's death, the Kingdom splits into Israel and Judah.

  19. Hebrew Downfall:Babylonian Captivity and Diaspora • Israelites begin paying tribute to Assyria • Assyrians eventually attack and destroy the capital of Israel. • Babylonians destroy Judah.

  20. Hebrew Downfall • King Nebuchadnezzar ran Egyptians out of Syria and ancient Palestine, and twice attacked Jerusalem. • (586 B.C.) Destroyed Solomon’s temple

  21. Babylonian Captivity

  22. Jewish Diaspora

  23. EXIT TICKET: • Pick up the papers by the door. • Go to tinyurl.com/AllenFormBlock6 and answer the following questions: • 1. Choose one to describe how you did on the test: • Better than expected • About as expected • Worse than expected • 2. What was hard about this test compared to your tests last year in social studies? • 3. What will you do differently to prepare for the Unit 2 test?

  24. David and Goliath Story • How does this change your view of the David and Goliath? • How does this relate to perspective and worldview?

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