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ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS. LIVER, GALLBLADDER, AND PANCREAS. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS.  TO IDENTIFY THE EXOCRINE AND ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER AND PANCREAS.  TO EXAMINE THE HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE LIVER, GALLBLADDER, AND PANCREAS.

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ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS

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  1. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER, GALLBLADDER, AND PANCREAS

  2. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  TO IDENTIFY THE EXOCRINE AND ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER AND PANCREAS  TO EXAMINE THE HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE LIVER, GALLBLADDER, AND PANCREAS  TO CORRELATE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THESE ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS

  3. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION

  4. - synthesizes and secretes enzymes via a system of ducts that are essential for digestion in the intestine - synthesizes and secretes hormones into the bloodstream to regulate glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION

  5. ACINAR CELLS - BASALLY LOCATED NUCLEI & RER - SUPRANUCLEAR GOLGI ZONE - ZYMOGENIC GRANULES CONTAINING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES IN APICAL REGION CENTROACINAR CELLS - LINE LUMEN OF ACINUS - SECRETE LARGE AMOUNTS OF BICARBONATE ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION - COMPOUND ACINOUS GLAND - EACH ACINI CONSIST OF 5-8 PYRAMIDAL CELLS THAT SIT ON A BASAL LAMINA AND SURROUND A CENTRAL LUMEN

  6. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION PANCREAS H&E INTERCALATED DUCTS INTRALOBULAR DUCTS INTERLOBULAR DUCTS MAIN DUCTS

  7. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION INTERCALATED DUCTS - lined with simple squamous epithelium INTRALOBULAR DUCTS - lined with simple cuboidal epithelium - size on the order of magnitude of acini INTERLOBULAR DUCTS - lined with simple columnar epithelium - found in fibroconnective tissue septa

  8. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION ACINAR CELLS - BASALLY LOCATED NUCLEI & RER - SUPRANUCLEAR GOLGI ZONE - ZYMOGENIC GRANULES CONTAINING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES IN APICAL REGION trypsinogen, amylase, lipase CENTROACINAR CELLS - LINE LUMEN OF ACINUS - SECRETE LARGE AMOUNTS OF BICARBONATE

  9. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION INTERCALATED DUCTS PANCREAS H&E

  10. EXO- ENDO- ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION PANCREAS H&E 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION

  11. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION - PRINCIPLE FUNCTION IS TO SECRETE HORMONES THAT REGULATE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS ISLETS OF LANGERHANS - MASSES OF RICHLY VASCULARIZED ENDOCRINE CELLS SCATTERED THROUGHOUT THE PANCREAS - SEPARATED FROM SURROUNDING ACINAR CELLS BY THIN CAPSULE OF RETICULAR FIBERS - 3 CELL TYPES IN ISLET DISTINGUISHED ONLY VIA SPECIAL STAINS

  12. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION

  13. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  PANCREAS 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION CELL TYPES: 1) ALPHA CELLS (20%) - SECRETE GLUCAGON; RAISES BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS 2) BETA CELLS (75%) - SECRETE INSULIN; LOWERS BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS 3) DELTA CELLS (5%) - SECRETE SOMATOSTATIN; INHIBITS GLUCAGON AND INSULIN SECRETION

  14. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER 1) EXOCRINE PORTION - synthesizes and secretes bile via a system of ducts that is essential for digestion in the intestine 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION - synthesizes and secretes numerous plasma proteins into the bloodstream: (albumin, fibrinogen, prothrombin, lipoproteins, etc.)

  15. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER PORTA HEPATIS PORTAL TRIAD

  16. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER Classical Liver Lobule - basic functional unit of liver

  17. - central vein at center - hexagonal in shape - short axis: branches of portal triad between 2 classic lobules - portal triad at corners - long axis: between 2 central veins - portal triad at center - triangular in shape - central vein at corners ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER CLASSIC LOBULE PORTAL LOBULE LIVER ACINUS

  18. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS

  19. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS

  20. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER 1 HEPATOCYTES 2 SINUSOIDS 3 SPACE OF DISSE 4 BILE CANALICULI

  21. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER 1 HEPATOCYTES 2 SINUSOIDS 3 SPACE OF DISSE - perisinusoidal space between basal surfaces of the endothelial cells and the surfaces of the hepatocytes 4 BILE CANALICULI - small canal beginning the biliary tree formed by apposed grooves in adjacent hepatocytes

  22. LIVER

  23. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER

  24. BD HA PV LIVER H&E

  25. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER BILE DUCTS - lined with simple cuboidal epithelium

  26. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER LIVER H&E 1 HEPATOCYTES 2 SINUSOIDS

  27. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER LIVER RETICULAR FIBER MESHWORK

  28. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER RETICULAR FIBER MESHWORK KUPFFER CELLS - phagocytic cell, liver macrophage

  29. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER LIVER H&E KUPFFER CELLS CV

  30. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER LIVER H&E KUPFFER CELLS

  31. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER 3-D APPRECIATION FOR HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OBSERVED IN 2-D

  32. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  LIVER 3-D LOOK AT THE BILIARY SYSTEM

  33. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER H&E  LIVER SITE OF HEMOPOEISIS DURING EARLY GESTATION

  34. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER H&E  LIVER SITE OF HEMOPOEISIS DURING EARLY GESTATION

  35. HEPATOCYTE BILE CANALICULI RT & LT HEPATIC DUCTS COMMON BILE DUCT ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  GALLBLADDER - LOCATION FOR CONCENTRATION AND STORAGE OF BILE ROUTE OF BILE FILLING OF GALLBLADDER

  36. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  GALLBLADDER THREE LAYERS: 1) MUCOSA - lined with tall columnar epithelium and underlying basal lamina & lamina propria - mucosa highly folded and irregular - NO MUSCULARIS MUCOSA OR SUBMUCOSA - 2) MUSCULARIS EXTERNA - layers of smooth muscle with irregular orientation 3) ADVENTITIA or SEROSA

  37. ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS  GALLBLADDER EPITHELIUM: - tall columnar epithelium and underlying basal lamina & lamina propria - basally located nuclei - fine microvilli border

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