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Renaissance

Renaissance. Medieval or Modern?. Key Topics. The politics, culture, and art of the Italian Renaissance The powerful new monarchies of northern Europe Political struggle and foreign intervention in Italy Understanding the meaning of the Renaissance. What is the Renaissance?.

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Renaissance

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  1. Renaissance Medieval or Modern?

  2. Key Topics • The politics, culture, and art of the Italian Renaissance • The powerful new monarchies of northern Europe • Political struggle and foreign intervention in Italy • Understanding the meaning of the Renaissance.

  3. What is the Renaissance? • A collection of ideas? • A revival of the classical world? • A break with the medieval world? • A springboard for modernity?

  4. Humanism • A cultural and intellectual movement of the Renaissance that emphasized secular concerns as a result of the rediscovery and study of the literature, art, and civilization of ancient Greece and Rome.

  5. Medieval Artwork Abstract and Formulaic

  6. The Renaissance Painter 3-Dimensional Paintings Chiaroscuro & Linear Perspective

  7. Architecture • Middle Ages was steeped in Gothic Style Architecture. • Most prominent structures were churches. • The Renaissance harked back to Antiquity for models. • Greek columns and Romanesque Style.

  8. Medieval Literature • The Middle Ages focused on religious writing. Primarily theology and philosophy. • Popular folk tales saw heroes who embedded the ideal of Christianity. • King Arthur • Roland • Robin Hood

  9. Renaissance Literature • The writers emulated the ancient Greeks and Romans and wrote in the vernacular. • Dante Alighieri, Francesco Petrarch, and Giovanni Boccaccio concentrated on humanity and man’s struggle. • The Birth of Non-fiction as entertainment.

  10. Benvenuto Cellini • “All men of whatsoever quality they be, who have done anything of excellence, or which may properly resemble excellence, ought, if they are persons of truth and honesty, to describe their life with their own hand.”

  11. Renaissance in Italy • The late Middle Ages was a time of creative fragmentation. • Three Crises: Religion, Plague, Government. • Italy flourished between 1300-1450 mainly because of location. • The Italian City-State - merchants and bankers

  12. Growth of City-States • Urbane culture was assisted by the constant war between emperor (Ghibelline) and Pope (Guelf). • This war strengthened the merchant oligarchies in the cities and by the 15th century led to despotism. • Unlike Northern Europe ruled by kingdoms, Italy was made up of independent states.

  13. A Nation Divided • 1377 - The Church’s power starts to fade. • Avignon Papacy - splits the church • Bishops lose their power to wealthy families. • Merchants and Bankers flourish among the chaos.

  14. Mercantilism • The Italian Peninsula became the HUB for Western Europe. • Merchant Class developed • Birth of the Banking System • Working Class - Manufacturing goods became popular.

  15. Republic of Florence • Ciompi Revolt - 1378 was a result of the staggering social divisions. • In 1434, Cosimo de’Medici arose to power from behind the scenes. • Signoria - Council that ruled Florence, which was controlled by wealthy guilds. • By 1478, Despotism emerged -> Pazzi Scandal • podestà

  16. The Prince • Cities fought within - families seeking power. (Medici and the Pazzi) • Despots like Lorenzo de’ Medici hired military brokers called condottieri • Political turbulence and warfare gave birth to positive attributes as well. • Diplomacy and Growth • Renaissance culture and Patronage

  17. Humanism • A cultural and intellectual movement of the Renaissance that emphasized secular concerns as a result of the rediscovery and study of the literature, art, and civilization of ancient Greece and Rome.

  18. French Nationalism • Charles VII:1422-1461 “The Well-Served” unified France following the Hundred Years War. • Strong National Identity and Army • Jacques Coeur developed an economic system

  19. Nation-Building • Louis XI: (1461-1483) made France a great power. • Mastermind of Dipolmacy • League of the Public Weal • Collapse of the English Empire and the defeat of Burgundy in the battle of Nancy 1477.

  20. Spanish Unification • Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon married in 1469. • Kicked out the Moors and Christianize Spain • The Inquisition = National Unity • Invested money in Ship Travel • Columbus’ Voyage 1492

  21. Isabella & Ferdinand

  22. War of the Roses • 1455-1485 • England’s first major Civil War • Dynastic instability following the death of Edward III. • Politics and Wealth controlled England.

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