Lesson 23 Day 4

1. Lesson 23 Day 4 You will need your textbook.

2. Phonics and Spelling • A prefix is a syllable that can be added to the beginning of some words. • Adding a prefix makes a new word with its own meaning. • What does the prefix pre- mean? • before • What does the prefix mis- mean? • Badly or wrongly • What does the prefix in- mean? • Not, or the opposite of out • Part A • prehistoric misfortune inaccurate • prehistoric & misfortune both have the letters or that stand for /or/. The letters ore, our, & are can also stand for /or/. • The prefix in- has two meanings, “not” and “inside, the opposite of out.”

3. Phonics and Spelling • Determine the meanings of the words in Part B. • inexact __________ • Not exact • misunderstand___________ • Understand wrongly • invisible______________ • Not visible • prearrange_____________ • Arrange before

4. Phonics and Spelling • Part C • Read aloud the sentences in Part C. Determine the meanings of the underlined words. • A cow is incapable of climbing a tree. • It is not necessary to mislead the contest losers. • It is inaccurate to say that pigs can fly. • The three word parts used in your spelling words are pre-, mis-, & in-. • The words in Part D can be combined with the word parts to create this week’s spelling words. On a separate sheet of paper, write the base words and add the appropriate prefixes to build the spelling words. Circle each prefix and underline each base word. • Part D • spell test place complete print set put side lead use doors school match view taken behave heat visible read correct

5. Phonics and Spelling • Using words with multiple syllables can make your writing more interesting than using all simple, one-syllable words. • Saying “We could not see it” is not as interesting as saying “It was invisible.” • Using the word invisible is more exact and improves the sound of the sentence. • Words with prefixes often have the same meaning as phrases that use several words to express the same meaning. • Read through an unedited piece of your writing. Look for places where you could clarify your writing by replacing the words you used with words that have prefixes.

6. Fluency • Good readers use the tone and volume of their voices to express emotions and meaning. • When you read, you should think about how different feelings and emotions would sound. • If you were angry, would you yell or whisper? • If you were scared, would you yell or whisper? • How would your voice sound if you were excited? • How does your voice change if you are asking a question? • As I read page 236 of “Chestnut Cove,” I’m going to think about how a king would sound when he is making a royal announcement. When Mrs. Phillips is imagining what she would buy with the king’s riches, she is probably thinking quietly to herself. I’ll read the part of the page quietly and try to sound thoughtful. The Johnsons would be excited about having a bigger ranch, so I’ll sound excited. • Now you echo-read the king’s announcement and the final 2 paragraphs of the page. • Remember to change the tone and volume of your voice depending on what is happening in the story.

7. Cause and Effect: Comprehension • What is cause and effect? • The cause is why something happens. • The effect is what happens as a result. • Good readers look for cause-and-effect relationships in a story to help them understand what they are reading. • Clue words such as if/then, because, as a result, so, for this reason, & since can be helpful in determining cause and effect. • Listen for cause-and-effect relationships in the following story.

8. Cause and Effect On the other side of Berryville is a hill called Melon Mountain. That has not always been the name of the hill. A few years back, something unusual happened so the name of the hill was changed. Farmer McMelon and his daughter, Marcy, tended a small watermelon patch on the side of the hill. Each summer, they grew just enough for every family in town to have one delicious, ripe melon. One summer day, however, the McMelon family cut into a melon and saw something unusual. The seeds inside the melon sparkled in bright, shiny colors. Marcy thought the seeds were very beautiful, so she planted them on the hill and waited to see what would happen. The next morning, the entire hill was covered in watermelons! Everyone came and picked as many as they wanted. The morning after that, the hill was covered again. This happened over and over. So the people began making watermelon ice cream, watermelon jelly, and watermelon punch. After that, they all quit their jobs and began selling wonderful watermelon products. And to this day, people come from miles around to get delicious things to eat from Melon Mountain.

9. Cause and Effect • What happens after Marcy plants sparkling seeds? • The hill is covered with watermelons every morning. • Why does everyone quit his or her job? • There are so many watermelons that the people begin making and selling things that are made from watermelons. • Why is the name of the town changed to Melon Mountain? • Because the whole town is known for its watermelons • What clue words in the last paragraph are used to show cause and effect? • So; after that; and • Reread page 238 of “Chestnut Cove.” Look for clue words that show cause and effect. • What clue words are used to show cause and effect? • Because; so that • What cause-and-effect relationships do the clue words indicate? • Cause: being busy/effect: the people do not talk to each other • Cause: they do not want people to touch their watermelons/effect: they build fences around their gardens

10. Theme • The theme of a story is the idea or message that the author is trying to communicate. • Sometimes the theme is stated directly. More often, it is not. Readers must figure out the theme by thinking about what the characters do and say and what events happen in the story. • Review “Chestnut Cove” beginning on page 228. • “Chestnut Cove” is about a close community that is affected for the worse by competition in which the winner will become rich. The story seemed to be saying that it is better to have friends than to have money. I think this is the theme. • Think back to the story “The Empty Pot.” What events happened in the story? • What was the theme of the story? • Honesty is the quality of good leaders. • Nonfiction can have a theme as well. • Reread “Mayors” on pages 250-251. Then, write a sentence that states the theme.

11. Prefixes and Suffixes • happy • What prefix could be added to form a new word? • un- • What is the definition of the new word? • unhappy= not happy • write • What prefix could be added to form a new word? • re- • What is the definition of the new word? • rewrite= to write again • cold • What suffix could be added to form a new word? • -er, -est, -ly • What is the definition of the new word? • colder= more cold; coldest=most cold; coldly= in a way that is cold • fear • What suffix could be added to form a new word? • -less; -ful • What is the definition of the new word? • Fearless=without fear; fearful=full of fear • Write the following words and add prefixes or suffixes to each to form new words. • wonder trust loud

12. Robust Vocabulary • eagerly • If you are waiting eagerly for something, you are excited or anxious for it to happen. • Which would you be waiting for more eagerly, a trip to the beach or a trip to the hospital? Explain. • transferred • If you transferred something, you moved it from one place to another. • How would you feel if someone transferred all of your belongings from you bedroom to your backyard?

13. Vocabulary • fondness • If you like something very much, you have a fondness for it. • Why would a zookeeper probably have a fondness for animals? • emotion • An emotion is a feeling, such as happiness. • What emotion would you feel if you spent a whole day having fun at the playground?

14. Vocabulary • ridiculous • Something that is very silly is ridiculous. • What would you do if you saw a friend doing something ridiculous? • disgraceful • If something is disgraceful, it is shocking and not acceptable. • If someone told you that your actions were disgraceful, how would you feel?

15. Vocabulary • decent • Someone who is decent is good and fair. • Would a decent person be someone you would like to have as a friend? Explain. • inherit • When you inherit something, you have been given something by someone who used to own it. • Why would you be more likely to inherit something from a relative than from a stranger?

16. Vocabulary • contented • If you are contented, you are happy with the way things are. • Why might someone feel contented after a good meal? • collaborate • If you are going to work with others on a project, you are planning to collaborate with them. • For which activity would you be more likely to need someone to collaborate, completing a large jigsaw puzzle or tying your shoes? Why?

17. Vocabulary • liking fondness love • The words above mean almost the same thing. Each word has a particular meaning and writers and speakers can choose the one that gives the meaning they want. • Liking means you have an interest in something. • Fondness implies that you really like something. • Love implies that you would really miss something if it was taken away. • What words have similar meanings or give shades of meaning to the following words? • emotion • ridiculous • disgraceful • contented

18. Grammar: Present-Tense Verbs • Present-tense verbs tell about an action that is happening now. • Verbs must agree with the subject of the sentence. • The following are guidelines for forming a verb in the present tense: • I, you, and plural nouns do not add endings to most verbs. • Other singular nouns… • Add –s to the end of a regular verb • Add –es to regular verbs ending with s, ss, ch, x, z • If a verb ends in a consonant and y, change the y to I and add –es.

19. Grammar: Present-Tense Verbs • What present tense of the verb in parentheses best completes each sentence below? Make sure the subjects and verbs agree. • Nick ______ every day. (run) • Maria ______ the dishes each night. (wash) • Marcus always ______ his best at everything. (try) • Write a present-tense paragraph about living in an imaginary place. Underline the present-tense verbs. Be sure the subjects and verbs agree.