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The Cold War Continues… 1950s

The Cold War Continues… 1950s. Democracy vs. Communism. United States Economy. GI Bill of Rights: Encouraged Veterans to get an education in order to introduce them back into society Paid of college, books, room/board, etc… to any college that would accept the veteran

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The Cold War Continues… 1950s

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  1. The Cold War Continues…1950s Democracy vs. Communism

  2. United States Economy • GI Bill of Rights: Encouraged Veterans to get an education in order to introduce them back into society • Paid of college, books, room/board, etc… to any college that would accept the veteran • Conversion from Wartime economy to Peacetime economy • Global trade reopened • Many people had “wants” they were not able to have during the wartime economy… people were buying! • Consumerism: Buying of material goods • The “race” against the Soviet Union kept government spending high, which kept people employed • The 1950s= great economy!!

  3. 1948 Election • Dixecrats: State’s Rights Democratic Party • Presidential Candidate: Strom Thurmond • “Give’em Hell Harry” campaign • Truman: The Fair Deal- an extension of Roosevelt’s New Deal • GI Bill of rights is included here

  4. Election Results

  5. Truman’s “first” term • Stalemate in Korea • Armistice: Cease-fire • McCarthyism running rampant • The Red Scare • Truman’s approval rating was extremely low… • 23% in 1951 • Obama’s approval rating now: 44% • Truman does not run again… and in the 1952 Election “Ike” wins the presidency • Richard Nixon is the VP

  6. The White Flight • Suburbs… Interstates… the white population moves out of the cities • Interstate System created in 1956 under Eisenhower • Race Isolation: White neighborhoods in the suburbs, African American neighborhoods in the cities • The Growth of “Inner” City: Extreme poverty within city limits • National Housing Act of 1949- constructing low income housing for city dwellers

  7. Korean War June 1950- July 1953

  8. Korea Divided • 38th parallel- • Drawn at the end of WWII • Potsdam conference • Soviets controlled North Korea • US controlled South Korea

  9. Korean War Begins • North Korea invades South Korea by passing over the 38th parallel • June 25, 1950 • This became the first significant armed battle of the Cold War • Soviets defending North Korea • US coming to South Korea’s aid.

  10. Korean War • North Korea has many early victories • Keeps pushing to unite the Korean Peninsula under communist rule • US with the help of the UN launched a counter-offensive • Pushing North Korean forces back to the 38th parallel • The US pushed the N. Koreans back but decided to go on offensive • Now the US/South Korea decides to try to push communism out of North Korea for good • China then enters on the side of N Korea

  11. Korean War • Communist China/Soviet Union vs. Democratic US • Soviets supplying North Korea • China sending troops • The threat of a nuclear war ended the Korean conflict with a armistice (cease fire) • Neither side wanted to see atomic power used • Korean demilitarization zone: 2.5 mile zone around the 38th parallel (latitude line) that is a “buffer” between N and S Korea • Still the line today (after 60 years)

  12. Korean Conflict • Not a civil war, because other powers were involved • “Proxy War”: The war had third party participants • The US and Soviet Union using the war to “fight” the opposite ideology (communism vs. democracy) • 38th parallel keeps N Korea isolated today • North Korea has nuclear weapons

  13. Pablo Picasso Paints about the Korean War • Paints against the injustices happening in Korea • Criticizing the American involvement in the Korean War

  14. 1950s- Political Revolutions All a part of the Cold war…

  15. Revisit the US Containment Policies • Truman Doctrine • Contain communism where it is • Marshall Plan • Rebuild Western Europe • NATO • Alliance between US and Western European Nations • Preventing the Domino Effect • Domino effect: Belief that if one country falls to communism, the neighboring countries would soon as well

  16. The Cuban Revolution How Fidel Castro came to Power

  17. The Cuban Revolution • Major revolt in 1953, many died • Fidel and Raul Castro survived but were sentenced to 15 years in prison • Given freedom after a few months but exiled to Mexico • Senator John Kennedy spoke out against injustices in Cuba, and supported Fidel’s revolution • Che Guevara supported the Castro’s and assisted them in their overthrow of the Batista regime • January 1, 1959: Overthrow of the Cuban dictator

  18. The Revolutionaries Che Guevara- Argentinean Fidel Castro- Cuban

  19. Fidel Castro in Power • Fidel was born into a wealthy family • Has a law degree… very smart • He led Cuba to become a one party socialist republic • Now suffers from diverticulitis • Transferred his “duties” to Raul, his brother • Raul is now the president of Cuba • Raul is making some changes

  20. The Chinese Revolution Communist China is born under Mao Zedong

  21. Chinese Civil War • The Communists in China fight the Chinese nationalists • Nationalist supported by the US • Communists supported by the Soviet Union • Communists win: Containment is failing! Communism is spreading!

  22. Mao Zedong as Leader • Mao takes over Chinese control- communist dictator • China = People’s Republic of China • CCP rules: Chinese Communist Party • Mao died in 1976, but the CCP still controls China

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