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Cold War and Economic Boom of the 1950s Review. Cold War - Origins. What was the only thing uniting the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR)? What was unclear after the Yalta Conference? Define satellite state. What did Truman feel the USSR’s goal was after the Potsdam Conference?.
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Cold War - Origins • What was the only thing uniting the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR)? • What was unclear after the Yalta Conference? • Define satellite state. • What did Truman feel the USSR’s goal was after the Potsdam Conference?
Cold War - Origins • There was a lot of uneasiness about postwar relations • US emerged as the dominant power • USSR felt slighted because they were the country that reached Berlin first and did most of the heavy fighting • Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of Great Britain, described the Soviet influence in a famous speech: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2PUIQpAEAQ
Cold War - Origins • Describe the policy of containment. • What was Stalin’s reaction to the Marshall Plan? • What did the US do to help West Berlin? • What is NATO? • What was the Warsaw Pact?
Cold War – Origins • NATO and the Warsaw Pact divided the world into one of two camps • Berlin became the “petri-dish” to view US-USSR activities • Division of Berlin • USSR encloses West Berlin • Allies divide East Berlin into three sectors • Berlin Airlift helps provide help and gain US access to West Berlin
Cold War – Berlin Wall • One of the most iconic structures of the 1900s • Aug. 13, 1961: DDR (East Germany, also known as GDR) seals off entrance into East Berlin, temporary fence built • Aug. 24: first fatal shots fired at escapees • Oct. 27, 1961 – US-USSR standoff at Checkpoint Charlie (entrance to East Berlin) • June 19, 1962: additional fence added • 1966-1968: fence expanded, watchtowers • 1974-76: self-firing fence installed • Oct. 7, 1977: 3 teens die trying to escape • Feb. 5, 1989: Last fatal shots, 239 die total trying to escape • Nov. 9 – Fall of the Wall • Tom Brokaw Remembers: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uVUVYrxwHsA&safe=active • News Coverage:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mBux1hXaR5w&safe=active
Korean War • Which country turned communist after a civil war? • How much of the world’s land and people did the communists control? • How was Korea divided after World War II? Why? • What previous experience did Truman cite for sending troops to Korea?
Korean War • What was the problem with early American troops that were sent to Korea? • Who initially led the American forces? • Who helped North Korea? • Why did Truman fire the leader of our forces? • How did it end?
Korean War • Overview of the war • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okQzZhL81tE • Often referred to as the “forgotten war” because of the lack of public attention • Recently received a memorial site in Washington D.C. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5pD_OeuqTCk&safe=active
Cold War – Weapons Buildup • What did a US B-29 detect on 9/2/49? • Why was the H-bomb developed? • What was the belief of mutually assured destruction? • What did Ike and Dulles believe the greatest threat to the world was?
Cold War – Weapons Buildup • The H-bomb footage: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxF10IYOMCo&safe=active • The USSR quickly developed an H-bomb as well • Was it a good idea to develop the H-bomb, especially after the effects of the atomic bomb became known?
Cold War – Weapons Buildup • What did Ike and Khrushchev agree to at Geneva? • Why did the Soviets allow Poland greater freedom? • What was the US reaction to the revolts in Hungary? • What was formed in 1947 to fight communism? • What was formed to help the US catch up to the USSR in the Space Race?
Cold War – Weapons Buildup • U-2 Spy Plane Incident • 1960, Gary Powers is shot down in Russia • CIA operation to spy on missile silos • US denied knowledge but secretly made peace with the USSR • CIA • Intelligence agency that does engage in covert operations to gather knowledge • Separate from FBI • USSR created the KGB as its own version of the CIA • World Factbook is an excellent source for info • Recently, the show “Deadliest Warrior” did a CIA vs KGB battle, the CIA won
Cold War – Scare Tactics • What did the Hollywood Ten use to not answer questions about their beliefs? • What famous scientist was fired for his communist beliefs? • Alger Hiss – guilty? Rosenbergs – guilty? • What led to McCarthy’s demise?
Cold War – Scare Tactics • Children in schools did “duck and cover” drills in case of an atomic bomb • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_37tdXCNOVk&safe=active
Economic Boom Review • Name the benefits of the GI Bill of Rights. • What was the Baby Boom? • What became the hottest appliance to buy in the 1950s? • What business model became popular? • What is urban renewal? • Who was the main figure of religious revival? • Who was the first African American lead actor in a show?