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Development of Mock Circulatory System and Cardiovascular Parameters

Development of Mock Circulatory System and Cardiovascular Parameters. John Marshall Dr. Gerald Miller Charles Taylor VCU Biomedical Engineering. Why is this important?!. Inadequate distribute of blood . What is congestive heart failure? . How many death’s per year?.

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Development of Mock Circulatory System and Cardiovascular Parameters

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  1. Development of Mock Circulatory Systemand Cardiovascular Parameters John Marshall Dr. Gerald Miller Charles Taylor VCU Biomedical Engineering

  2. Why is this important?! Inadequate distribute of blood • What is congestive heart failure? • How many death’s per year? OVER 300,000 in the U.S.! • How much is it costing the U.S.? $35 billion in the United States • How many patients need a donor heart? 100,000 need donor hearts • How many donor hearts are available each year? Estimated less than 2,000!

  3. Aorta Ventricular Assist Pumps (VAD’s) • How’s it help? pump blood through circulatory system • Bridge to recovery restore the patient’s cardiac output • How’s it work? • Bridge to transplantation Left Ventricle waiting for a donor heart to become available allowing the heart muscle to rest and heal promote tissue and functional recovery

  4. Testing Using the Mock Circulatory System • Food and Drug Administration • Why is this important??? Required before moving to animal and human trials • Why not go straight to animal trials? $$$$ evaluate the hemodynamics refine VAD designs

  5. Mock Circulatory System • Components Resistor Compliance Chamber LVAD Venous Reservoir Harvard Pump • Purpose?

  6. Harvard Pump • What can it do? Pulsatile Gold standard • Why is it used? stroke volume Heart rate time in systole Harvard Pump • What is being pumped? Mimics viscosity and density properties Blood analog 40% glycerin, 60% water

  7. Harvard Pump

  8. Compliance Chamber • Purpose? Compliance Chamber Pulse wave dampening • How’s it work? mimics the elasticity of the arteries Dispersion force

  9. Compliance Chamber

  10. Resistor Resistor • What does it do? • How does it work? Motor compresses plates simulate peripheral resistance Adjust cross sectional circumference friction between the blood and the walls of blood vessels

  11. Resistor

  12. Venous Reservoir • How’s it work? Smooth delivery of liquid • Purpose? Pressure based on varying volume Venous Reservoir

  13. Venous Reservoir

  14. Multi-Disk Centrifugal Pump 5 disks 0.063in. thick • Design 0.016in. spacing Connected to a DC motor LVAD • Advantages Rocket fuel Smooth ejection High RPM generates high pressure

  15. Multi-Disk Centrifugal Pump • How does it operate? 1- Fluid enters rotor area 2- Fluid enters space between disks 3- Fluid is spun at high speeds 4- Fluid spins off disks into volute chamber 5- Fluid is ejected through outlet

  16. What are we trying to replicate? The human cardiovascular system Pulmonary circulation Systemic circulation Under what conditions? Rest Exercise Transitioning Pathological

  17. Development of Cardiovascular Parameters • How did I do this? “Cardiovascular parameters” “Postural changes affecting blood pressure” “Cardiac output during exercise” “Mock circulatory system”

  18. What was I looking For?

  19. Which parameters are necessary? • Stroke volume- amount of blood pump in one contraction- CO/HR*1000 • Heart rate- beats per minute-(cardiac cycle/60x1000)¯¹ • Cardiac output- volume of blood pumped per minute- HR * SV/1000 • Systolic pressure- heart contracting • Diastolic pressure- heart relaxing • Time is systole- % heart contraction- Ejection duration/cardiac cycle • Peripheral resistance- opposition encountered by blood flow-((MAP-CVP)* 80) / (CO)

  20. Which parameters are necessary? • Stroke volume-amount of blood pump in one contraction- CO/HR*1000 • Heart rate- beats per minute- (cardiac cycle/60x1000)¯¹ • Cardiac output- volume of blood pumped per minute- HR * SV/1000 • Systolic pressure- heart contracting • Diastolic pressure- heart relaxing • Time is systole- % heart contraction- Ejection duration/cardiac cycle • Peripheral resistance- opposition encountered by blood flow-((MAP-CVP)* 80) / (CO)

  21. Which parameters are necessary? • Stroke volume- amount of blood pump in one contraction- CO/HR*1000 • Heart rate- beats per minute- (cardiac cycle/60x1000)¯¹ • Cardiac output- volume of blood pumped per minute- HR * SV/1000 • Systolic pressure- heart contracting • Diastolic pressure- heart relaxing • Time is systole- % heart contraction- Ejection duration/cardiac cycle • Peripheral resistance- opposition encountered by blood flow-((MAP-CVP)* 80) / (CO)

  22. Which parameters are necessary? • Stroke volume- amount of blood pump in one contraction- CO/HR*1000 • Heart rate- beats per minute- (cardiac cycle/60x1000)¯¹ • Cardiac output- volume of blood pumped per minute- HR * SV/1000 • Systolic pressure- heart contracting • Diastolic pressure- heart relaxing • Time is systole- % heart contraction- Ejection duration/cardiac cycle • Peripheral resistance- opposition encountered by blood flow-((MAP-CVP)* 80) / (CO)

  23. Which parameters are necessary? • Stroke volume- amount of blood pump in one contraction- CO/HR*1000 • Heart rate- beats per minute- (cardiac cycle/60x1000)¯¹ • Cardiac output- volume of blood pumped per minute- HR * SV/1000 • Systolic pressure- heart contracting • Diastolic pressure- heart relaxing • Time is systole- % heart contraction- Ejection duration/cardiac cycle • Peripheral resistance- opposition encountered by blood flow-((MAP-CVP)* 80) / (CO)

  24. Which parameters are necessary? • Stroke volume- amount of blood pump in one contraction- CO/HR*1000 • Heart rate- beats per minute- (cardiac cycle/60x1000)¯¹ • Cardiac output- volume of blood pumped per minute- HR * SV/1000 • Systolic pressure- heart contracting • Diastolic pressure- heart relaxing • Time is systole- % heart contraction- Ejection duration/cardiac cycle • Peripheral resistance- opposition encountered by blood flow-((MAP-CVP)* 80) / (CO)

  25. Which parameters are necessary? • Stroke volume-amount of blood pump in one contraction- CO/HR*1000 • Heart rate- beats per minute-(cardiac cycle/60x1000)¯¹ • Cardiac output- volume of blood pumped per minute- HR * SV/1000 • Systolic pressure- heart contracting • Diastolic pressure- heart relaxing • Time is systole- % heart contraction- Ejection duration/cardiac cycle • Peripheral resistance- opposition encountered by blood flow-((MAP-CVP)* 80) / (CO)

  26. Cardiovascular responses to postural changes: differences with age for women and men. Cardiac output= (HR x SV)/ 1000 Cardiac output= (58.7 x 118)/ 1000 = 6.9

  27. Time in systole= Ejection duration/cardiac cycle Mean Stroke Ejection Rate= Stroke Volume/ Ejection Duration Ejection Duration= Stroke Volume/ MSER Ejection Duration= 118/ 379= 0.311 Time in systole= (0.311/ 1) x 100 = 31.1%

  28. Cardiovascular responses to postural changes: differences with age for women and men.

  29. Physiological responses to postural change in young and old healthy individuals.

  30. A complete mock circulation loop for the evaluation of left, right, and biventricular assist devices.

  31. Current status… • Parameter spreadsheet is in progress • Construction is incomplete Future… • Run developed parameters in completed mock loop • Confidence level

  32. Thanks for a GREAT summer! • Dr. Gerald Miller for his lab time and resources • Charles Taylor for his time, patience, and guidance • Dr. Jeff Elhai, Sherry Baldwin, and Andy Surface for directing BBSI • National Science Foundation for the grant money!

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