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Ming Dynasty (part 2). Ming Achievements. Current Great Wall Constructed. Ming Porcelain: China’s finest china. Ming Ceramics with Arabic Script?. Naval Advances: Early 1400s. Ming Navigation: Sextant and Star Charts Exploration: 1400 Visit Persian Gulf Return with souvenirs
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Ming Achievements Current Great Wall Constructed
Naval Advances:Early 1400s • Ming Navigation: Sextant and Star Charts • Exploration: 1400 Visit Persian Gulf • Return with souvenirs • Some knowledge of outside world • Colonization? • Why don’t we speak Chinese?
Proponent of Neo-Confucian thought Government official Focused on agricultural problems Solution: Communitarian arrangement (communal living) Correct bad behavior through public criticism and social pressure This idea gets reprised under Mao as “struggle meetings” Wang YangmingPhilosopher (1472-1529)
Ming Meets West Jesuits arrive in China: 1600 • Matteo Ricci • Who are the Jesuits • Priestly Brotherhood • “Society of Jesus” • Scholarly -- Educators • Worldly • Wealthy • Focus on converting ruling class
Jesuits in Ming China • Jesuits work with Gentry and Confucian Scholars • Learn Chinese and create dictionaries • Adopt robes and habits of Confucian Scholars • Recognize China’s high and admirable culture • Conclude that Ancestor Veneration is a secular form of respect and honor • NOT worship of ancestors • NOT a violation of the first 2 Commandments
Jesuits in Ming China • Adapt well to China • Have very little success in converting Chinese • Introduce Western cartography, astronomy, and science • Serve as effective ambassadors of Western society for China’s ruling class
Ming Collapse: 1664 CE Dynasty weakened by: Factions Corruption Eunuch problems Natural disasters Manchu nation in Manchuria put pressure on China
Invading Manchu armies are resisted by Chinese forces for a while Chinese general decides to switch sides and allies with Manchu forces, surrendering all of Northern China Alternating explanations: Emperor had violated the General’s wife Emperor ordered general’s family killed, mistakenly believing the general was disloyal, and this drove the general to betrayal Ming Collapse:1664 CE
New Manchurian Dynasty Qing Dynasty Established 1664 CE Manchu Dynasty