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FAVELAS OF BRAZIL

FAVELAS OF BRAZIL. RIO DE JANEIRO. MEANS RIVER OF JANUARY (PORTUGUESE) CAPTIAL OF STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO 2 ND LARGEST CITY IN BRAZIL (SAO PAULO- 1 ST ) 3 RD LARGEST METORPOLITAN AREA IN SOUTH AMERICA 6 TH LARGEST IN THE AMERICAS 2 6 TH IN THE WORLD. RIO DE JANEIRO.

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FAVELAS OF BRAZIL

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  1. FAVELAS OF BRAZIL

  2. RIO DE JANEIRO • MEANS RIVER OF JANUARY (PORTUGUESE) • CAPTIAL OF STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO • 2ND LARGEST CITY IN BRAZIL (SAO PAULO- 1ST) • 3RD LARGEST METORPOLITAN AREA IN SOUTH AMERICA • 6TH LARGEST IN THE AMERICAS • 26TH IN THE WORLD

  3. RIO DE JANEIRO • CAPITAL OF BRAZIL FROM 1763-1815 (PORTUGUESE COLONISM) • 1815-1821 UK OF PORTUGAL, BRAZIL & ALGARVES • 1822-1960 INDEPENDENT COUNTRY

  4. RIO DE JANEIRO • NICKNAME “CIDADE MARAVIHOSA”  MARVELOUS CITY • 2ND LARGEST GDP IN BRAZIL • 30TH IN THE WORLD

  5. RIO DE JANEIRO • HEADQUARTERS OF TWO MAJOR COUNTRIES (VALE – nickel producers, PETROBRAS - oil)

  6. RIO DE JANEIRO • OIL, TELEPHONE, MEDIA AND COMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES • LOCATION OF MANY UNIVERSITIS AND INSTITUTES • 2ND LARGEST CENTRE OF R&D IN BRAZIL

  7. RIO DE JANEIRO • ATTRACTS THE MOST TOURISTS IN S. HEMISPHERE • ATTRACTIONS – NATURAL, CARNIVALS, SAMBA, BOSS NONVA, BEACHES (BARRA DA TIJUCA, COPACABANA, IPANEMA, LEBLON

  8. RIO DE JANEIRO • CHRIST THE REDEEMER STATUTE, SUGAR LOAF MOUNTAIN (CORCOVADO)

  9. RIO DE JANEIRO • MARACANA STADIUM (ONE FO WORLD’S LARGEST FOOTBALL STADIUMS (2014 HOST OF FIFA WORLD CUP)

  10. RIO DE JANEIRO • SITE OF 2016 SUMMER OLYMPICS • Olympics

  11. GEOGRAPHY (SITE) • ON ATLANTIC OCEAN NEAR TROPIC OF CANCER • LOCATED ON INLET OF COAST OF GUANABARA BAY • ENTRACE MARKED BY SUGAR LOAF MOUNTAIN

  12. GEOGRAPHY (SITE)

  13. GEOGRAPHY (SITE) • CORE OF CITY PLAINS OF WESTERN SHORE OF GUANABARA BAY • HILLS AND ROCKY MOUNTAINS WITHIN CITY • AREA - 1,182.3 KM2

  14. GEOGRAPHY (SITE) • TROPICAL SAVANNA CLIMATE • DECEMBER TO MARCH RAINY PERIOD • TEMPS. DURING SUMMER 40°C (104°F) • AVERAGE MONTHLY TEMPS. ABOVE 28°C (82°F)

  15. GEOGRAPHY (HUMAN) • JANUARY 1ST, 1502 FIRST EUROPEAN CONTACT • PORTUGUESE EXPLORER GASPAR DE LEMOS • RIO FOUNDED BY PORTUGUESE ON MARCH 1ST, 1565 AND NAME SAO SEBASTIAO DO RIO DE JANEIRO

  16. GEOGRAPHY (HUMAN) • 17TH CENTURY RIO – PORT FOR EXPORTING GOLD AND SUGAR • 1819  145,000 AFRICAN SLAVES IN RIO • BY 1840  # OF SLAVES INCREASED TO 220,000

  17. GEOGRAPHY (HUMAN) • POP. OF RIO 6.1 MILLION • METRO AREA 11.5 MILLION • POP. DENSITY 6180 PEOPLE/KM² • WHITE (53.43%) • MULTIRACIAL (35.08%) • BLACK (11.6%) • ASIA (0.18%) • AMERINDIAN (0.14%)

  18. GEOGRAPHY (HUMAN) • RIO HOME TO LARGEST PORTUGUESE POPULATION OUTSIDE OF LISBON, PORTUGAL • AFTER BRAZIL’S INDEPENDENCE THOUSANDS OF IMMIGRANTS FROM PORTUGAL DURING 20TH CENTURY

  19. GEOGRAPHY (HUMAN) • BLACK COMMUNITY FORMED FROM SLAVE TRADE (ANGOLA AND MOZAMBIQUE) • HUGE DISPARITIES B/T RICH AND POOR

  20. FAVELAS • FIRST FAVELAS WERE ORIGINALLY QUILOMBOS  INDEPENDENT SETTLEMENTS OF AFRICAN SLAVES THAT ESCAPED THEIR OWNERS • LOCATED ALONG THE HILLY TERRAIN OF THE AREA SURROUNDIG RIO • AS SLAVES WERE LIBERATED IN 1888 THEY WERE ATTRACTED TO THESE SETTLEMENTS AS THERE WAS NO WHERE ELSE FOR THEM TO LIVE

  21. FAVELAS

  22. FAVELAS • TERM USED FOR SHANTY TOWN IN BRAZIL • 18TH CENTURY  1ST SETTLEMENTS APPEAR CLOSE TO THE CITY • CALLED BAIRROS AFRICANOS (AFRICAN NEIGHOBURHOODS) • PLACE WERE FORMER SLAVES WITH NO LAND OWNERSHIP AND NO EMPLOYMENT OPTIONS LIVED

  23. FAVELAS • These neighbourhoodsattracted many freed slaves from 19th century to early 20th century • Eventually poor black citizens were pushed from downtown into mountains far from DT

  24. FAVELAS • FAVELAS REPLACED BARRIOS AFRICANOS IN THE 1970S • MANY LEFT RURAL AREAS AND FLOCKED TO CITIES • WITHOUT PROPER HOUSING THEY ENDED UP IN A FAVELA

  25. FAVELAS • 20,000 VETERAN SOLDIERS WERE BROUGHT TO RIO FROM EASTERN PROVINCE OF BAHIA (DURING CONFLICT AGAINST THE SETTLERS OF CANUDOS)

  26. FAVELAS • WITH NO PLACE TO LIVE • WHEN IN THE ARMY IN BAHIA  FAVELAS HILL (FAVELA  TREE THAT IRRITATES SKIN • SETTLED ON PROVIDENCE HILL IN RIO AND CALLED IT FAVELA HILL

  27. FAVELAS • 100S OF SHANTYTOWNS ERECTED IN SUBURBS AS A RESPONSE TO HOUSING CRISIS OF 1940S • DURING THIS TIME FAVELAS REPLACED TENEMENTS AS MAIN TYPE OF RESIDENCE FOR RESIDENTS OF RIO

  28. FAVELAS • 1970S NEW GROWTH  AS RESULT OF CONSTRUCTION BOOM IN RICHER AREAS  LED TO MIGRATION FROM RURAL AREAS (JOBS) • HEAVING FLOODING IN LOW-LYING AREAS FORCED MANY TO MOVE TO FAVELAS ALONG HILLSIDES

  29. FAVELAS • INDUSTRILIZATION OF 1940S-1970S CONTRIBUTED TO THE GROWTH OF FAVELAS  THOUSANDS OF MIGRANTS MOVED TO THE AREA FOR JOBS

  30. BRAZILIAN CITIES WITH MOST FAVELAS

  31. FAVELAS • BRAZIL MOST ECONOMICALLY UNEQUAL COUNTRIES IN WORLD • TOP 10% OF POP. EARNS 50% OF NATIONAL INCOME • 34% OF POP. LIVING BELOW POVERTY LINE

  32. FAVELAS • 1969 -~300 FAVELAS IN RIO NOW OVER 600 • 1950 – 7% OF RIO’S POP. LIVED IN FAVELAS (NOW 19%)  1 IN 5 LIVE IN A FAVELA

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