ACHIEVING A TOTAL SAFETY CULTURE

1. TSC ACHIEVINGATOTAL SAFETY CULTURE

2. Agenda • A Total Safety Culture Overview • What it is • Why it is important • Motivation - how it affects you • The Observation and Feedback Process • Supervisor Responsibilities • Giving and Receiving Feedback

3. The Characteristics of a Successful Total Safety Culture • Safety is held as a value by all employees • Each employee feels a sense of responsibility for the safety of their co-worker as well as themselves • Each employee “Actively Cares” • Each employee realizes their responsibility to speak- up when a fellow employee is at risk

4. Values, Intentions and Behaviors Cautioning co-workers about performing unsafe acts

5. 1 Environment Equipment, Tools, Machines, Housekeeping, Heat/Cold, Engineering Safety Triangle 2 Person Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, Intelligence, Motives, Attitude, Personality 3 Behavior Putting on PPE, Lifting properly, Following procedures, Locking out power, Cleaning up a spill, Sweeping floor, Coaching co-workers

6. Focus: Accident Prevention Fatality Serious Injury Minor Injury Total Safety Culture Near Miss At-Risk Work Practices

7. Developing Safe Habits Unconsciously Incompetent

8. Developing Safe Habits Consciously Incompetent Unconsciously Incompetent

9. Developing Safe Habits Consciously Competent Consciously Incompetent Unconsciously Incompetent

10. Developing Safe Habits Unconsciously Competent Consciously Competent Consciously Incompetent Unconsciously Incompetent

11. Direction Is NOT Enough Direction Motivation Behavior

12. TSC UnderstandingMotivation

13. ABC ModelWhat Motivates Behavior? Activators Behavior Consequences Guides or directs behavior Signs Policies Directive Feedback Training/demonstrations Goal Setting Modeling Lectures A B C

14. ABC ModelWhat Motivates Behavior? Activators Behavior Consequences Guides or directs behavior Signs Policies Directive Feedback Training/demonstrations Goal Setting Modeling Lectures Actions Driving the speed limit Putting on PPE Locking out power Using equipment guards Giving a safety talk Cleaning up spills Coaching others about safe work practices A B C

15. ABC ModelWhat Motivates Behavior? Activators Behavior Consequences Motivates the future occurrence of behaviors Self-approval Supervisor approval Reinforcing feedback No injury Pizza Lunch Co-worker approval Thank You Guides or directs behavior Signs Policies Directive Feedback Training/demonstrations Goal Setting Modeling Lectures Actions Driving the speed limit Putting on PPE Locking out power Using equipment guards Giving a safety talk Cleaning up spills Coaching others about safe work practices A B C

16. Effective Activators Activators must be • Specific • Used sparingly • Clear • Vary • Imply immediate consequences

17. Actively Caring Increases Effectiveness Please hold handrail when going up and down stairs Caution! Stairs may be wet. Please hold handrail on stairs. Set a safe example for others. Please hold handrail on stairs

18. Activators are NOT Enough Activators Motivation Behavior

19. Consequences that Motivate • The consequences that motivate behavior are: • Certain to happen • Happen immediately • Have significant impact • Least effective consequences are: • Uncertain- injury or discipline do not occur every time • Delayed- loss of hearing happens over time so the consequence of not wearing ear plugs is delayed • Insignificant

20. Using the ABC Model • Identify the consequences that encourage and discourage the at-risk work practices • Identify the activators • Consider changing and/or modifying both the consequences and/or the activators to create an unconsciously competent work practice

21. Positive VS. NegativeConsequences • What works best? • Positive consequences • Negative consequences • How does each effect the employee?

22. Naturally Rewarding Consequences

23. Penny Exercise The Penny exercise is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of different types of feedback. It involves a blindfolded volunteer tossing pennies into a box. In most cases constructive feedback and encouragement produces better results during the exercise than no feedback or negative non-constructive feedback.

24. Penny Exercise Directions: • Volunteer #1: say nothing as she/he tosses the pennies into the box. 2. Volunteer #2: respond negatively when she/he misses, say nothing when she/he gets the pennies into the box. 3. Volunteer #3: praise, give encouragement, hints as she/he tosses pennies.

25. Feedback Influences Work Practices • Reinforcing feedback increases desired work practices • Corrective feedback decreases undesirable work practices

26. Functions of Feedback • Provides needed information • Provides social support: • co-worker support and acceptance • manager/supervisor approval

27. Guidelines for Receiving Feedback • Be open and receptive • Think BEFORE you react • Be objective/not defensive • Avoid taking a position • Ask for specifics • Actively LISTEN • Work together on potential solutions • Reach an agreement • Say thank you

28. Person Sharing skills and knowledge with each other. Listening, helping in a crisis, recognizing team member contributions. Actively Caring and the Safety Triangle 1 2 Environment Making sure needed equipment is available. Posting warning signs, housekeeping, cleaning other’s work area. 3 Often neglected in traditional safety approaches. Little or no feedback on or encouragement of safe behavior. Behavior Observing co-workers, giving feedback, modeling behavior.

29. Key Points of TSC • Creating a Total Safety Culture requires: • Safety is held as a value by all employees. A value is a belief that does not change with the situation • Each employee feels a sense of responsibility for the safety of their co-worker as well as themselves • Each employee performs “Actively Caring” • Each employee is willing and able to “go beyond the call of duty” for others

30. What’s Next? • What do employees need to do to support the shift to a Total Safety Culture?

31. Thank You! • Questions or comments?! “These materials are derived, in full or in part, from the work of Safety Performance Solutions.”