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Temple University Japan Campus, TUJ Tokyo 23 May 2008. The Dawn of Japan ’ s Expeditionary Capability. JDS Hyuuga, 23 August 2007. 13,500-ton, 3 helos (SH-60K) 30 knots, 490 personnel. IJN Hyuuga, August 1943. 39,870-ton, 8 14-inch guns, 22 aircraft 25 knots, 1,463 personnel.
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Temple University Japan Campus, TUJ Tokyo 23 May 2008 The Dawn of Japan’s Expeditionary Capability
JDS Hyuuga, 23 August 2007 • 13,500-ton, 3 helos (SH-60K) • 30 knots, 490 personnel
IJN Hyuuga, August 1943 • 39,870-ton, 8 14-inch guns, 22 aircraft • 25 knots, 1,463 personnel
JDS Tokiwa, JDS Kunisaki Structure • Definitions • Cold War Defence • Present Flexibility • Conclusions
Maritime Power Projection • Means to Exploit Command of the Sea • Influence Events on Land • Strategic Flexibility/Manoeuvre • When, where and in what measure • Taking the Fight to the Enemy • Offensive Nature • Amphibious Ops, Attacks against SLOCS, Strategic Missile Attack
Expeditionary Warfare • Operational Campaigns • Lifting Capability • Tactical and Logistical Support to Land and Air Forces • Colonial Campaigns – Localised Instability • Campaigns of Choice (peace-support)
Cold War Naval Power • 2 Phases: 1954-1976, 1976-1995 • 1st Phase: Quantitative Build-up • Coastal & SLOCs Defence, Support Land Operations • ASW: CVH (1959) – DDH (1973) – Flotilla • Amphibious: LST Atsumi and Miura (1972-1977)
Cold War Naval Power • 2nd Phase: Qualitative Build-up • SLOCs Defence, Support Land Operations • ASW: Longer Reach, Fleet Air Defence – Flotilla • Kongo DDG (1988), Murasame DD (1991), Towada AOE (1984, 1987) • Amphibious: LCU Yura (1981) • Research Studies: • 16,000-ton light CVH (8 to 14 HSS-2 helicopters) • 7,000-8,000-ton LST (Italian San Giorgio class)
Contemporary Naval Power • End of Cold War/First Gulf War (1990-91) • National Defence – Multilateral Cooperation • NDPO 1995: 50 Vessels, 170 aircraft • Streamlined, Effective, Flexible (agile and accurate) • LST Osumi (1998), AOE Mashu (2004) • Balanced Force (ASW – Expeditionary)
26/04/1991: 6 JMSDF Minesweepers to Persian Gulf 26/01/2004: 600 JGSDF Troops to Iraq Less than 13 years: 17 International Operations (9 during the period 2001-2004)
Contemporary Naval Power • Systemic Transformation (9/11) • Regional Tensions (NKorea, China) • NDPG 2004 • Multi-functional Flexible Defence Force • Effective Defence: ‘Where and How’ • ‘Hataraku Jidai’ (Seijuku no Jidai) • Flexibility (Juunansei)
47 Major Combatants, 16 Submarines 150 aircraft (44,400 personnel) 4 Flotillas x 8 Vessels – ASW DDH (x1), DD (x3), DD (x2), DDG (x2) 8 Divisions x 4 Vessels – ASW/Expeditionary DDH (x1), DDG (x1), DD (x2) DDG (x1), DD (x3) Contemporary Naval Power
Conclusions Power Projection or Expeditionary Capability? National Defence International Commitments
Conclusions The awakening to the problems of world’s stability played a significant role in the navy’s decision to procure platforms to operate at greater distances. The Ōsumi class is the iconic symbol of the JMSDF’s capacity to empower Tokyo’s policy-makers and strategic planners with the strategic flexibility to commit to expeditionary mission. Whether and to what extent Japan’s governments will decide to engage in these sort of mission is a different story, one that will require more time to write.