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Understanding Ferns and Fern Allies: An Overview of Their Characteristics and Importance

Discover the basic characteristics of ferns and fern allies, including their primitive vascular plant nature, varied leaf structures, and reproductive features. Learn about their significance in evolutionary studies, as fossil records, and as sources of medicinal compounds and scouring material.

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Understanding Ferns and Fern Allies: An Overview of Their Characteristics and Importance

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  1. Ferns and Fern Allies Kingdom PLANTAE

  2. Basic Characteristics of Ferns and Fern Allies • Primitive vascular plant • Leaves: pseudoleaves, scale like protrusions • Stems are photosynthetic • Pseudoroots • Reproductive structures are found at the tips of the prophylls (pseudoleaves) • Homosporous vs. heterosporous • Bisexual gametophytes • Gametophytes are microscopic • Monoecious vs. dioecious • Importance: fossil records, evolutionary study and fossil fuels

  3. Basic Characteristics of Ferns and Fern Allies • True leaves called microphylls vs. megaphyll(some are reproductive) • True stems • True roots (rhizomes) • Reproductive structures are in sporophylls (modified leaves) or strobili • Heterosporous/ Homosporous • Gametophyte are microscopic • Monoecious • Importance: Alkaloids are pesticidal, wound treatment (antibiotic coagulant)

  4. Basic Characteristics of Ferns and Fern Allies • Fused “leaves” • Stems are nodal and photosynthetic • True roots (rhizomes) • Reproductive structures are strobili (cone like) • Homosporous • Gametophytes are microscopic • Monoecious • Importance: Scouring material

  5. Basic Characteristics of Ferns and Fern Allies • Leaves (megaphylls) are called fronds, coiled leaves with stems are called fiddleheads or croizier • True stems • True roots (rhizome) • Without strobilus/i, but with sorus/I • Homosporous/ heterosporous • Gametophytes called prothallium/us are microscopic • Monoecious • Importance: Fertilizer, antihelminths (resins), food

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