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Ferns and Fern Allies

Ferns and Fern Allies. Kingdom PLANTAE. Basic Characteristics of Ferns and Fern Allies. Primitive vascular plant Leaves: pseudoleaves, scale like protrusions Stems are photosynthetic Pseudoroots Reproductive structures are found at the tips of the prophylls (pseudoleaves)

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Ferns and Fern Allies

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  1. Ferns and Fern Allies Kingdom PLANTAE

  2. Basic Characteristics of Ferns and Fern Allies • Primitive vascular plant • Leaves: pseudoleaves, scale like protrusions • Stems are photosynthetic • Pseudoroots • Reproductive structures are found at the tips of the prophylls (pseudoleaves) • Homosporous vs. heterosporous • Bisexual gametophytes • Gametophytes are microscopic • Monoecious vs. dioecious • Importance: fossil records, evolutionary study and fossil fuels

  3. Basic Characteristics of Ferns and Fern Allies • True leaves called microphylls vs. megaphyll(some are reproductive) • True stems • True roots (rhizomes) • Reproductive structures are in sporophylls (modified leaves) or strobili • Heterosporous/ Homosporous • Gametophyte are microscopic • Monoecious • Importance: Alkaloids are pesticidal, wound treatment (antibiotic coagulant)

  4. Basic Characteristics of Ferns and Fern Allies • Fused “leaves” • Stems are nodal and photosynthetic • True roots (rhizomes) • Reproductive structures are strobili (cone like) • Homosporous • Gametophytes are microscopic • Monoecious • Importance: Scouring material

  5. Basic Characteristics of Ferns and Fern Allies • Leaves (megaphylls) are called fronds, coiled leaves with stems are called fiddleheads or croizier • True stems • True roots (rhizome) • Without strobilus/i, but with sorus/I • Homosporous/ heterosporous • Gametophytes called prothallium/us are microscopic • Monoecious • Importance: Fertilizer, antihelminths (resins), food

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