Bellringer

1. Bellringer • Find your new seat and start work on the text book scavenger hunt worksheet • Reminders: • Take today’s papers • Turn in syllabus signatures

2. Agenda • Pass out books • Complete book worksheet • Finish Pre-History notes • The Paleolithic Era • Hunter-gatherer life • Summarizing Text

3. Objectives Students will be able to… • Define and describe culture. • List the major advances early humans made during the Paleolithic Era. • Describe hunter-gatherer life.

4. Skills Objectives Students will be able to… • Take effective notes from textbook readings. • Interpret information presented in charts and graphs. • Create efficient summaries of written texts. S S S

5. Charts and Graphs

11. Binder Organization Front: Assignment Log, Syllabus Tabs • Bellringers • Current Unit • Reviews and Exams • Tools • Glossary

12. Objective #1 Prehistory • Prehistory – the time in human history before the invention of writing • What sources can we use to understand the “prehistoric” world? Pay attention to your notes sheet and what is next. This is an honors class – I’m not going to call out every time you need to write. But you can always ask! The class is organized around the Objectives. You’ll see what objective we are talking about in the upper right hand corner. Everything after this slide is in Objective 1, until you see something that says Objective 2. Words you see in bold, underlined red need to be added to your glossary! Sometimes the slide will define the word. Sometimes you have to listen for the definition!

13. Unwritten History • Oral histories • Drawings • Stuff they left behind

14. Oral Histories • Storytellers prized in many cultures, and stories are passed down for generations • Problems: • “Whisper down the lane” effect • Dead people don’t tell stories

15. Drawings • Mostly, cave paintings • Famous pictures from Lascaux (France)

16. Cave Paintings • Art is in the eye of the beholder • Stories? • Actual events? • Religious beliefs? • Nice pictures? • Textbooks?

17. Artifacts • Something made by people

18. Fossils • Solidified remains of living things

19. Using Artifacts • Some assembly required • Like a giant puzzle with no idea what the picture will be • What if we use things for different purposes? • If we know what, do we know when? • Some things get lost

20. Objective #2 Studying the Past • Archeology • Anthropology

21. Archeology • The study of the human past by examining artifacts and remains • Excavation • Hoping to find ancient settlements, burial sites, tools, etc.

22. Carbon Dating • A scientific test used to analyze the age of artifacts and fossils • (based on the half-life decay of Carbon-14… ask a science teacher) • Pretty accurate for the last 40,000 years or so

23. Anthropology • Study of human origins, relationships, and cultures • Try to determine how humans evolved (physically and culturally) • Archeology is a subfield of anthropology • What is culture?

24. Objective #3 Culture • Culture is a system of beliefs, values, and assumptions about life that guide behavior and are shared by a group of people • Everyone has culture • What does culture include?

25. Our Culture • What will archeologists and anthropologists use to understand our culture in 10,000 years?

26. HW: Textbook Notes • Tips for effective note taking • Not just reading; note taking • Your first (real) homework assignment! • Entering class procedure: turn in homework to your class inbox

27. Objective #4 Early Humans

28. Early Humans • Start our story at the dawn of the Paleolithic Era, about 2.5 million years ago • the Old Stone Age • Humans created the first tools made out of stone

29. Better than Monkeys • Early humans developed • Simple stone tools • Control of fire • Oral language • All keys to cooperating in hunts, which bring food and resources

30. Wise Man • Smarter, larger-brained humans known as homo sapiens(Latin for “wise man”) • Developed technology • Clothing • Shelter • Art • Homo sapiens are modern humans

31. Out of Africa • Homo sapiens arose in Africa about 200,000 years ago • Migration to all continents (except Antarctica) beginning around 100,000 years ago

33. Out of Africa Why? Why did ancient humans leave Africa?

34. Objective #5 Hunter-gatherer Life People Profiles

35. Source of Food • Hunting • Main source, whatever they could catch, kill, and cook! • Gathering • Wild fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, etc. • Get it? Hunter-gatherers!

36. Size of Groups • Small groups • Clans: 60-100 people, one or a few extended families • Why?

37. Permanent Settlements • No! They were nomads • Why move? • Follow herds • No food left • Seasons change • Too cold or hot • No water left

38. Location Factors • Mainly, Paleolithic (and prehistoric) people followed their food • Animals migrate, so did the people • Overpopulation (of people) • Overconsumption (of resources in one spot)

39. Getting Along • Cooperation was necessary for survival • Knew everyone in their clan – all relatives • No private property – no where to put it • No fighting other groups – no one around • Finding food…just not that hard

40. Summarizing Text

41. Some Terms • Summarize • Paraphrase • Plagiarize

42. Some Tips • Use structure and organization • Include major details • Leave out unimportant information • Show connections between ideas • DON’T COPY THE TEXT!!!

43. Some Practice • Read the excerpt from page 12 of your textbook and write a VERY short summary

44. Bad Sample • For a long time people used to wander like nomads. Cro-Magnons hunted and gathered. Then they made technology and hunted better.

45. Good Sample • Over time, humans became more effective at finding food. At first, nomads moved often to find more food to hunt or gather. Later, Cro-Magnons invented tools and then technology (like knives and needles) to improve their lives.

46. Some More Practice • Read the article about cannibalism and write a short summary

47. Ending Class • All the summarizing practice goes under Tools in your binder • Homework: Guided Reading notes for Chapter 1.2!