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Adolescence Notes

Adolescence Notes. S. Richards Spring 2010 . Adolescence: . Early Adolescence: 11 – 14 Middle Adolescence: 15 – 18 Late Adolescence: 18 – 21 _____________________________________ Adolescence Growth Spurt Usually lasts 2 – 3 Years Girls – 10 to 11 years old

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Adolescence Notes

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  1. Adolescence Notes S. Richards Spring 2010

  2. Adolescence: • Early Adolescence: 11 – 14 • Middle Adolescence: 15 – 18 • Late Adolescence: 18 – 21 _____________________________________ • Adolescence Growth Spurt • Usually lasts 2 – 3 Years • Girls – 10 to 11 years old • Boys – 2 years later than girls (13 ish)

  3. Adolescence: • Puberty – specific to the developmental changes that lead to the ability to reproduce. • Changes in males: sexual organs to grow, voices deepen, hair growth on face/chest, broad shoulders, thicker bodies. • Changes in females: Estrogen spurs the growth of breast tissue, pelvic region widens, hips rounder. • Menarche – major life event for most girls occurring from the ages of 11 – 14.

  4. Adolescence: • Cliques - Peer groups of 5 to 10 people who spend a great deal of time with one another, sharing activities. • Crowd - Larger group of people who do not spend as much time together but share attitudes and group identity.

  5. Peer Influences: • Adolescence are more likely to follow their peers in terms of the following: • Hair, Dress, Speech Patterns & Taste in Music. • They are more likely to AGREE with their parents on issues such as moral values and educational or career goals.

  6. Types of Identity: Identity Formation • Issues with trust, autonomy (self government), initiative (taking the lead). • Search for the sense of who they are. Identity Development • Commitment to a particular role or occupation in life. • Adolescence deal with different values, beliefs, roles and relationships.

  7. Types of Identity: Identity Crisis • Turning point in a person’s development when the person examines his or hers values. • Example: Should I go to college? Which one? What type of job should I look for? What career is the right one for me? • May be overwhelmed by the choices that they must decide to make.

  8. Types of Idenity: Identity Moratorium • Delay making commitments about important questions. • Actively explore life alternatives for around a decade or more because they might not be certain of who they are. • May do the opposite of what they were originally doing. Identity Foreclosure • Make a commitment that forecloses or shuts out all other possibilities. • Based on the suggestions of others and not from their own choices. • May want to be a lawyer because both of their parents were lawyers.

  9. Types of Identity: Identity Diffusion • Seem to be constantly searching for meaning in life and for the identity because they have not committed themselves to a set of personal believes of an occupational path. • May be the “I don’t care” attitude. • Middle School/Early High School Age

  10. Types of Identity: Identity Achievement • Have coped with crisis and have explored options. • They have committed themselves to occupational directions and have made decisions about important life questions. • They are capable of setting goals and working toward attaining them. • Many do NOT reach identity achievement until well after high school.

  11. Gender & Identity Formation: • Gender and Identity Formation • Erik Erikson’s theory of development – believes that people develope the capacity to form intimate relationships in the young adult stage of development. • Women Identity – connected to their roles as mothers and wives. • Men Identity – NOT necessarily connected to being husbands and fathers.

  12. Ethnicity & Identity Formation: Ethnicity and Identity Formation • Adolescence will be faced to deal with 2 issues: • Ethnic culture • Society • Prejudice and discrimination can also contribute to the problems faced by adolescence and identity. • Father/Mother differences with cultures might be tough for the adolescence with finding their own identity by combining the two.

  13. Eating Disorders: • Anorexia Nervosa – Is a life threatening disorder characterized by self-starvation and a distorted body image. • Many girls get obsessed with food, engross in cookbooks, cook elaborate meals – for others. • Bulimia Nervosa – Reocurring cycles of binge eating followed by dramatic measures to eliminate food such as vomitting, • May compensate for what they have eaten by exercise, fasting or strict dieting.

  14. Origins of Anorexia & Bulimia: • Some therapists believe the following: • Anorexia represents a woman’s effort to return to a stage before puberty. • Conforming to an ideal body formation. • ‘Standards’ of the new society. • Family members Treatment: Programs, hospitalization, psychologists.

  15. Juvenile Delinquency: • Juvenile Delinquency – Refers to many illegal activities committed by children or adolescents. • Examples: (most extreme cases) • Robbery, Rape, Homicide • Status Offenses – Illegal only when they are committed by minors. • Examples: Drinking, Smoking, Skipping School, Running away from home.

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