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Implementing AFD at PBS member station WSIU

Implementing AFD at PBS member station WSIU. Terry Harvey WSIU/ Southern Illinois University, Carbondale Illinois. AFD is Active Format Description: defines aspect ratio.

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Implementing AFD at PBS member station WSIU

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  1. Implementing AFDat PBS member station WSIU Terry Harvey WSIU/ Southern Illinois University, Carbondale Illinois

  2. AFD is Active Format Description: defines aspect ratio. AFD is used to define how the video originating in one aspect ratio may be “optimally” displayed on a display of a different aspect ratio. AFD metadata is carried in baseband video and in an MPEG2 transport stream. AFD – What is it?

  3. AFD broadcast from WSIU All HD programs and interstitials have AFD added. AFD no benefit to consumer DTV receivers: Older DTV receivers do not use AFD Newer DTV receivers are 16:9 and HD AFD not required! Cable and DTH Satellite benefit from AFD: head end IRD correctly formats for 4:3.

  4. Complete list of AFD codesValues from ETSI TS 101 154 V1.7.1 Annex B, ATSC A/53 Part 4 and SMPTE 2016-1-2007

  5. List of AFD codes that benefits usValues from ETSI TS 101 154 V1.7.1 Annex B, ATSC A/53 Part 4 and SMPTE 2016-1-2007 8 - Full Frame image, same as the frame (4:3 or 16:9). 9 - 4:3 Image: Full Frame in 4:3 frame, Pillarbox in 16:9 frame. 10 -16:9 Image: Letterbox in 4:3 frame, Full Frame in 16:9 frame. 15 -16:9 with shoot and protect 4:3 centre. Here, the areas to the right and left of the central 4:3 region of the 16:9 active picture can be trimmed without losing important detail.

  6. List of AFD codes that we need only use.Values from ETSI TS 101 154 V1.7.1 Annex B, ATSC A/53 Part 4 and SMPTE 2016-1-2007 8 (1000) Full Frame image, same as the frame (4:3 or 16:9). 9 (1001) 4:3 Image: Full Frame in 4:3 frame, Pillarbox in 16:9 frame.

  7. Without Broadcast AFD HD Broadcast Cable TV Forced Letterbox AFD absent Forced Center Cut AFD absent

  8. With Broadcast AFD HD Broadcast Cable TV AFD Controlled Center Cut AFD 1001 AFD Controlled Letterbox AFD 1000

  9. How is the AFD conveyed? AFD will be carried in HD and SD baseband Serial Digital Video Interface in the VANC as per SMPTE-334M. (HD-SDI VANC line 11).

  10. How is the AFD conveyed? In ATSC over-the-air transmission, the AFD is carried in the picture user data bits in MPEG2 Transport Stream. Transport Stream Packet Transport Stream Packet Transport Stream Packet Transport Stream Packet Transport Stream Packet Header Video Payload Adaptation Field Picture User Data Bits

  11. AFD: Practical Implementation Must ensure a correct AFD code is applied to all program elements in HD broadcast: eg. HD and upconverted SD content. HD and SD AFD is supported but PBS does not yet forward SD-AFD. Member station must therefore generate AFD for SD and all local content.

  12. Prerequisites for AFD- IRDs IRDs (Satellite Receivers): Older IRDs (BitLinks) do not employ AFD decoding (eg extraction of AFD from transport stream and placement in HD-SDI VANC). Sencore MRD3187 IRDs do employ AFD (Note earlier MRD3187B’s need upgrading). ASI interface on Bitlink will convey AFD.

  13. Prerequisites for AFD - Servers Most servers now record and playback HD and SD AFD. AFD extracted from baseband input VANC stored with caption data in auxiliary referenced file. AFD extracted from transport stream when recorded via ASI must be stored and made available for baseband VANC playback.

  14. Prerequisites for AFD - Encoders AFD carried in HD-SDI VANC must pass through the master control switcher and applied to the MPEG2 Emission Encoder. Encoder must be capable of extracting AFD from HD-SDI VANC and placing AFD in MPEG2 transport picture user data bits.

  15. Example AFD Implementation Master Control Switcher AFD on HD-SDI Video Server HD Emission Encoder IRD - HD AFD on HD-SDI HD-SDI IRD - SD Upconverter Includes AFD Automation GPI Control of Preset AFD codes and aspect ratio HD Source Universal Converter Includes AFD Video Router SD Source

  16. Another Example Automation GPI Control of Preset AFD codes and aspect ratio Master Control Switcher No AFD on HD-SDI Video Server IRD - HD AFD Insertion Card HD-SDI HD-SDI with AFD HD Source HD Emission Encoder Universal Converter Includes AFD Video Router SD Source

  17. To Ensure the Highest Quality Minimize unnecessary codec cycles. Minimize unnecessary video rescaling eg. 480i to 1080i then to 720p for emission. Record Full Frame 16:9 and 4:3, no local pillarbox or letterbox. All locally produced programming in HD and SD is now 16:9 format. SD to HD Upconvertor controlled by automation to correct format and add AFD.

  18. WSIU - HD AFD Satellite receiver provides HD AFD from PBS. Server records and playbacks HD AFD. File based HD local production has HD AFD added at Transcode/ Transwrap when transferred to Omneon server. Three HD AFD format codes: 16:9 FF AFD codes 1000 16:9 FF center cut safe AFD code 1111 (from PBS) 16:9, 4:3 Pillarbox AFD code 1001

  19. WSIU - SD AFD All SD recorded and archived as native SD. Local SD file base production has no AFD. SD playback upconvert to air where AFD is added. SD four formats: 16:9 Full Frame AFD code 1000 16:9, 4:3 Pillarbox AFD code 1001 4:3, Full Frame AFD code 1001 4:3, 16:9 Letterbox AFD code 1000

  20. WSIU 720p Master Control with AFD FCP files from Post Production Transcode Adds AFD To HD AMC21 IRDs Ku22 HD01 HD02 Sencore IRD 720p Omneon MIP-4010 Omneon MIP-5321 Omneon Spectrum Video Server Ku23a HD04 Sencore IRD Omneon MIP-4010 VDCP 1080i 720p Omneon MIP-5321 Evertz 7812 CC 720p 720p Master Control Switcher Ku23b SD05 Sencore IRD Omneon MIP-4010 VDCP ASI ROUTER Ku23c SD06 Sencore IRD Omneon MIP-4010 480i 720p Omneon MIP-5321 Evertz 7812 UDX Ku23d SD07 Sencore IRD Omneon MIP-4010 GPI for Aspect Ratio and AFD VDCP NVerzion Automation Ku24 HD03 SD01 Sencore IRD Omneon MIP-4010 ASI Record Ports for SD and HD ProTrack

  21. ProTrack Database Record for SD 16:9

  22. ProTrack Database Record for SD 16:9 ProTrack facilitates identification of aspect ratio.

  23. ProTrack Database Record for SD 16:9 ProTrack also differentiates between video formats 1080i , 720p and 480i: Each can be 16:9.

  24. WSIU Playlist SVR1A – HD Playback SVR1B – SD Playback Formats for SVR1B (SD) NS = 4:3 Full Frame LB = 4:3,16:9 Letterbox WS=16:9 Full Frame PB =16:9,4:3 Pillarbox AFD for SVR1A (HD) -from HD File AFD for SVR1B (SD) NS = 9 (1001) LB = 8 (1000) WS = 8 (1000) PB = 9 (1001)

  25. AFD – It Does Work! PBS began applying AFD to HD programs April 2009. WSIU began broadcasting AFD in July 2009. All WSIU programming and individual WSIU interstitials have AFD applied. Broadcast SD Distributors using WSIU AFD: DirecTV and Dish Network July 2009 Charter Communications September 2009 MediaCom July 2010

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