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Classification of Living Things

Classification of Living Things. Chapter 18. Why Classify. Biologists have classified and named over 1.5 million species Estimate that 2 million- 100 million have yet to be discovered Classification is used to name organisms and group them in a logical manner . Taxonomy.

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Classification of Living Things

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  1. Classification of Living Things Chapter 18

  2. Why Classify • Biologists have classified and named over 1.5 million species • Estimate that 2 million- 100 million have yet to be discovered • Classification is used to name organisms and group them in a logical manner

  3. Taxonomy • A branch of biology where scientists classify organisms and assign each a universally accepted name

  4. Taxonomy • A good classification system puts organisms in groups with other organisms that are similar • With out discussion; draw what comes to mind when you hear the word: cat

  5. Use of common names • Common names vary among languages and even regions in the same country • Mountain lion • Puma • Cougar • Panther

  6. Use of common names • Different species sometimes share a common name • What is a buzzard??? United Kingdom (England)- Hawk United States- Vulture

  7. Removing confusion • To avoid confusion scientists refer to organisms by their scientific name Aegypiusmonachus Buteojamaicensis

  8. Use of common names • Common names can be misleading jellyFISH seaHORSE Sea cucumber

  9. Naming System • Carolus Linnaeus • Developed a two word naming system • Before Linnaeus scientists used detailed physical descriptions • Names were long and confusing • Binomial Nomenclature • Each species is assigned a two-part scientific name

  10. Hierarchical system (consists of levels) • Each level is a taxon

  11. Taxonomic Nomenclature Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Kids Prefer Candy Over Fried Green Spinach

  12. Kingdom- Animalia Phylum- Chordata Class- Mammalia Order- Carnivora Family- Felidae Genus- Panthera Species- leo

  13. Binomial Nomenclature Rules to follow • Always written in italics (or underlined) • First word is capitalized • First word is the genus • Second word is lowercased • Second word is the species

  14. Binomial Nomenclature • Genus a group of closely related species Ursus

  15. Binomial Nomenclature • Species a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring UrsusUrsusUrsus arctosmaritimusamericanis

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