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Urinary System

Learn about the urinary system, its components, functions, and common disorders such as cystitis, urethritis, kidney stones, kidney failure, and prostate cancer. Discover tips to maintain a healthy urinary system and engage in interactive activities to understand its processes.

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Urinary System

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  1. Urinary System

  2. Body System Vocab • Homeostasis- A state of balance in the body (everything is A ok) • Metabolism- Rate at which the body generates energy. The sum of all the bodies processes

  3. Urinary System – filters waste and extra fluid from the blood in the form of urine - Composed of four parts

  4. Part 1 • Kidneys • Two bean shaped organs about the size of a fist • Contain nephrons, which are tiny filtering units (filter the blood) • Monitors and adjusts amount of salts and water in blood

  5. Part 2 • Ureters • Two tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder • Each is about 8 to 10 inches long

  6. Part 3 • Bladder • Hollow, muscular organ located in the pelvic cavity • Stores urine • Stores about 2 cups comfortably for 2 to 5 hours • Part 4 • Urethra • Tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the body

  7. Urinary System Video Clip • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZMJeZL-BVg

  8. Diagram of Urinary System

  9. Problems of the Urinary System • 1. Cystitis – inflammation of the bladder caused by a bacterial infection • 2. Urethritis- inflammation of the urethra caused by bacterial infection. • Important – if you experience a burning pain during urination, increased urination, or blood in urine, you need to see a doctor ASAP! You may have these disorders!

  10. Kidney Problems • 1. Nephritis – inflammation of nephrons in kidneys. • This leads to a changed amount of urine produced. • 2. Kidney Stones – formed when salts in the urine crystallize into solid stones • If the stone moves into the ureter, it causes immense pain • Smaller stones may pass, but stones larger than 1 cm have to be broken down using shock waves • Sometimes, surgery is required 3. Uremia- Serious condition where the kidneys do not filter blood properly

  11. Kidney Stone Video Clip

  12. Kidney Failure • 1. Sometimes, our kidneys do not function • 2. This can be caused by infection, decreased blood flow, or diseases that damage kidney tissue • 3. So…what do we do? How do we treat it?

  13. 4. We can use hemodialysis or dialysis– an artificial kidney machine removes waste products from the blood • Takes 3-5 hrs and is done 3-4 times per week • YouTube - Hemodialysis machine • 5. We can also have a kidney transplant • Basically, an organ donor gives a healthy kidney to someone in need

  14. Prostate Cancer Prostate gland is a gland only found in males This type of cancer is generally found in older adult males – 50 years old

  15. Prostate Cancer Cancerous tumor causes prostate gland to swell The swelling “pinches” the urethra This causes decreased urination in males, painful No known causes – doctors suggest eating healthy diet and exercising.

  16. How do I keep the urinary system healthy? • Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day • Limit your intake of caffeine and soft drinks • This can increase water loss through urine, thus dehydrating your body • Take more showers than baths • Eliminates the risk of bacterial infections due to contaminated water

  17. How do I keep the urinary system healthy? • Eat Cranberries! – chemical within cranberries helps prevent bacteria from sticking to bladder walls • This prevents bacterial infections!

  18. Be Proactive!!! • 1. If you experience pain, burning, or blood during urination, you need to tell a doctor AS SOON AS POSSIBLE!!!

  19. http://www.neok12.com/Urinary-System.htm

  20. Explore • CONSTRUCT THE URINARY SYSTEM • You will make a model of the primary components of their urinary system. Once finished with this activity you will be able to identify the structures, their functions and order the process of the urinary system through your model. • You must correctly label and give the function for the following parts…Ureter, Kidney, Urethra, Bladder

  21. Kidney Filtration Simulation Activity • This lab activity that will simulate the overall function of the kidneys

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