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Style

Style. The Vocabulary Shift. A distinctive feature of academic writing style is choosing the more formal alternative when selecting a verb, noun, or other part of speech. verb.

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Style

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  1. Style The Vocabulary Shift

  2. A distinctive feature of academic writing style is choosing the more formal alternative when selecting a verb, noun, or other part of speech.

  3. verb • Often in lectures and other instances of everyday spoken English, the verb + preposition is used; however, for written aca­demic style, the preferred choice is a single verb wherever possible. This is one of the most dramatic stylistic shifts from informal to formal style.

  4. Less formal style: • Researchers looked at the way strain builds up around a fault Academic style: • Researchers observed the way strain accumulates around a fault.

  5. Choose a verb from the list that reduces the informality of each sentence. assist reduce create investigate raise increase establish determine fluctuate eliminate • 1. Expert Systems can help out the user in the diagnosis of prob­lems. • 2. This program was set up to improve access to medical care. • 3. Research expenditures have gone up to nearly $350 million. • 4, The use of optical character readers (OCRs) should cut down the number of problems with the U.S. mail service.

  6. Formal Grammar and Style 1. Avoid contractions. • Export figures won't improve until the economy is stronger.  Export figures will not improve until the economy is stronger.

  7. Formal Grammar and Style 2. Use the more appropriate formal negative forms. • not. . . any —> no • not. . . much —> little • not. . . many —> few

  8. Formal Grammar and Style 3. Limit the use of "run on" expressions, such as "and so forth" and "etc." • These semiconductors can be used in robots, CD players, etc.  These semiconductors can be used in robots, CD players, and other electronic devices.

  9. Formal Grammar and Style 4. Avoid addressing the reader as "you" (except, of course, if you are writing a textbook). • You can see the results in Table 1.  The results can be seen in. Table 1.

  10. Formal Grammar and Style 5. Limit the use of direct questions. • What can be done to lower costs?  We now need to consider what can be done to lower costs, or  We now need to consider how costs may be lowered.

  11. Formal Grammar and Style 6. Place adverbs within the verb. Adverbs often are placed mid-position rather than in the initial or final positions. In informal English, adverbs often occur as clauses at the beginning or end of sentences. • Then the solution can be discarded.  The solution can then be discarded. • The blood is withdrawn slowly.  The blood is slowly withdrawn.

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