Language typology and word formation

1. Language typology and word formation Árvay Erzsébet

2. Language types (on the basis of their morphological structures) • agglutinating languages : most words are sequences of separable morphemes • pénztelenségemtől → pénz-telen-ség-em-től • morgolódásaitokban → ? • elföldelhető → ? • szétcsapathatatlan → ?

3. Language types (on the basis of their morphological structures) • isolating languages: most words consist of single morphemes • 明天 我的 朋友 会 为 我 做 一 个 生日 蛋糕míngtīan wǒ de péngyou huì wèi wǒ zuò yí ge shēngri dàn'gāo • tomorrow I of friend will for me make one birthday cake • „Holnap a barátaim születésnapi tortát készítenek nekem.” • Khi tôi dền nhả bạn tôi chứng tôi bắt dầu lảm bải When I come house friend I, I begin do lesson‘When I arrived at my friend’s house, we began to do lessons.’

4. Language types (on the basis of their morphological structures) • fusional (inflecting) languages : the constituent abstract morphemes are fused together in an inseparable way • canto (I sing) - cantas (you sing) - cantando (sung) • facio (I do) - feci (I did)

5. Language types (on the basis of their morphological structures) • agglutinating languages : most words are sequences of separable morphemes • e Vorahnung: Vor-ahnung • r Abstand: Ab-stand • s Bundeswehrattraktivitätssteigerungsgesetz • eszességek: ész-es-ség-ek • unfriendly: un-friend-ly • antidisestablishmentarianism

6. Language types (on the basis of their morphological structures) • isolating languages: most words consist of single morphemes • ‘I go home.’ • ‘English is an isolating language.’

7. Language types (on the basis of their morphological structures) • fusional (inflecting) languages : the constituent abstract morphemes are fused together in an inseparable way • laufen – läuft • Bruder – Brüder • do – dedi • facio – feci • kátav – kótév – któv – ktúvá • take – took • sing – sang

8. Let’s practise!