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Waterpipe Tobacco Dependence In UK Male Adult Residents: A Cross Sectional Study

Waterpipe Tobacco Dependence In UK Male Adult Residents: A Cross Sectional Study. Ali Al-Bakri, ali.albakri777@gmail.com Saba Kassim, s.kassim@qmul.ac.uk Mustafa al ’ Absi, malabsi@umn.edu

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Waterpipe Tobacco Dependence In UK Male Adult Residents: A Cross Sectional Study

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  1. Waterpipe Tobacco Dependence In UK Male Adult Residents: A Cross Sectional Study Ali Al-Bakri, ali.albakri777@gmail.com Saba Kassim, s.kassim@qmul.ac.uk Mustafa al’Absi, malabsi@umn.edu Ray Croucher, ray.e.croucher@gmail.com

  2. Introduction • Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WPTS) is getting popular in Europe (1) • WPTS has common and unique dependency aspects (2) • WPTS dependency can not be measured in traditional cigarette dependency tools (2,3) • WPTS dependence amongst UK adults WPT smokers has not been assessed • Few studies which lack validation and standardization (4)

  3. Aims • To assess, estimate and identify factors associated with waterpipe tobacco dependence syndrome amongst UK male adult resident waterpipe smokers • To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale (LWDS-11), in measuring WPTS dependence amongst UK male adult resident WPT smokers

  4. Methodology • Cross sectional survey • 7 shisha premises participated in central London • Random time table,180 participants in 4 weeks • Data were collected via face to face interview • QMUL Research Ethics Committee approved the study • Data analysis: descriptive, chi square, uni and multivariate and psychometric analysis.

  5. Questionnaire

  6. Results Sample Background

  7. Sample background (continued)

  8. Level of WPTS Dependence in the sample • The mean/SD LWDS-11 score is 10.05±5.68 • 47% of participants were more likely WPTS dependent

  9. Psychometric assessment of LWDS-11 • The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient =0.74 • Two domains were identified • physiological dependence • positive and negative reinforcement

  10. Factors associated with WPTS dependency

  11. Model of factors associated with WPTS Dependency

  12. Discussion • Of the participant 47% were WPT dependents confirming previous studies (5) • Two domain of WPT dependence emerged , contradicting other studies (3) • The association of being from Arab ethnicity and being daily WPT dependence in past with current WPT dependence confirmed current literature (6,7,8,9,10)

  13. Future research • Investigating the WPTS dependency among female population • Conducting LWDS-11 in different population to improve validity • Biomarker validation of WPTS dependency

  14. Conclusion • level of WPTS dependence was significant in this sample and was associated with socio-behavioural factors • The LWDS-11 was found useful in assessing WPTS dependency • Future research to address gaps identified

  15. References 1- MAZIAK, W. 2011. The global epidemic of waterpipe smoking. Addict Behav, 36, 1-5 2- MAZIAK, W., WARD, K. D. & EISSENBERG, T. 2004e. Factors related to frequency of narghile (waterpipe) use: the first insights on tobacco dependence in narghile users. Drug Alcohol Depend, 76, 101-6. 3-SALAMEH, P., WAKED, M. & AOUN, Z. 2008. Waterpipe smoking: construction and validation of the Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale (LWDS-11). Nicotine Tob Res, 10, 149-58. 4- Akl EA, Aleem S, Gunukula SK, Honeine R, Abou Jaoude P, Irani J. Survey instruments used in clinical and epidemiological research on waterpipe tobacco smoking: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:415 5-SALAMEH, P., KHAYAT, G. & WAKED, M. 2012. Lower prevalence of cigarette and waterpipe smoking, but a higher risk of waterpipe dependence in Lebanese adult women than in men. Women Health, 52, 135-50. 6- GREKIN, E. R. & AYNA, D. 2008. Argileh use among college students in the United States: an emerging trend. J Stud Alcohol Drugs, 69, 472-5. 7- JAMIL, H., TEMPLIN, T., FAKHOURI, M., RICE, V. H., KHOURI, R., FAKHOURI, H., AL-OMRAN, H., AL-FAUORI, I. & BAKER, O. 2009. Comparison of personal characteristics, tobacco use, and health states in Chaldean, Arab American, and non-Middle Eastern White adults. J Immigr Minor Health, 11, 310-7. 8-JORDAN, H. M. & DELNEVO, C. D. 2010. Emerging tobacco products: hookah use among New Jersey youth. Prev Med, 51, 394-6. 9-Maziak, W., Rastam, S., Shihadeh, A. L., Bazzi, A., Ibrahim, I., Zaatari, G. S., . . . Eissenberg, T. (2011). Nicotine exposure in daily waterpipe smokers and its relation to puff topography. Addictive Behavior, 36(4), 397-399. doi: S0306-4603(10)00334-5 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.11.013. 10- Neergaard, J., Singh, P., Job, J., & Montgomery, S. (2007). Waterpipe smoking and nicotine exposure: a review of the current evidence. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 9(10), 987-994. doi: 783052859 10.1080/14622200701591591.

  16. Acknowledgment • Special thanks for the BSTP for funding my participation • The contribution of the owners of the shisha premises in the study is appreciated

  17. Thank you for listening

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