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Contrasting Worlds: North vs. South

Explore the distinct geographies, economies, transportation systems, and societies of the North and South during this historical period in America. Discover the differences in outlooks, economies, and social structures between the two regions.

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Contrasting Worlds: North vs. South

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  1. Ch. 19: The Worlds of North and South

  2. Introduction • Northerners and southerners shared • The same language • The same types of churches • A fierce pride in their country • A faith in democracy • However, their outlooks and attitudes about many things were quite different. • They also differed in their economies, transportation systems, and societies.

  3. NORTH (light blue) and SOUTH (gray)

  4. THE NORTH

  5. Geography of the North • Four distinct seasons • Jagged New England coast with rocky soil • Thick forests in New England • Wide plains with rich soil in New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey

  6. Economy of the North • Economy based on manufacturing (factories) located near rivers • Steam-powered machinery • Unskilled laborers worked in factories. • The new reaper cut grain more efficiently than a man with a scythe

  7. Transportation in the North • National Road

  8. Transportation in the North • Steamboats and clipper ships

  9. Canals (artificial waterways) • Erie Canal - first major canal project

  10. 20,000 miles of railroads

  11. Society of the North • Growing numbers of people lived in cities because they wanted factory jobs.

  12. African Americans were free but not equal. ≠

  13. Many immigrants came from Ireland and Germany MAP OF EUROPE

  14. THE SOUTH

  15. Geography of the South • Mild winters and hot, humid summers • Coastal plains with swamps and marshes • Rolling hills and mountain hollows • Broad, flat rivers

  16. Economy of the South • Economy based on agriculture • Small farms • Plantations used slaves to raise cash crops, especially cotton.

  17. Few mills and factories were built in the South because southerners put their money into land and slaves. • Tredegar Iron Works was the only major factory.

  18. Transportation in the South • Steam-powered riverboats

  19. Cotton shipped down the rivers

  20. The Mississippi River was the mightiest southern river.

  21. 10,000 miles of railroads

  22. The Rigid Social Class System of the South WealthyPlantationOwners POWER Small Farmers Free African Americans Slaves

  23. Society of the South • Rich planters lived in large mansions.

  24. Some white farmers owned their own small farms.

  25. Free African Americans worked as craftspeople, servants, and laborers. • Wealthy planters enslaved African Americans.

  26. The Worlds of North and SouthVISUAL REVIEW • Use the following pictures to help you remember the geography, economy, transportation, and society of the North and the South.

  27. Geography of the North

  28. Economy of the North

  29. Transportation in the North

  30. Society of the North

  31. Geography of the South

  32. Economy of the South

  33. Transportation in the South

  34. Society of the South

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